The behavioral strategies and mechanisms by which some insects maintain monogamous mating systems are not well understood. We investigated the mating system of the bark beetle Dendroctonus valens, and identified several contributing mechanisms. Field and laboratory observations suggest the adults commonly form permanent bonds during host colonization. Moreover, it showed mated females that remained paired with males produced more offspring than mated females that were alone in galleries. In bioassays, a second female commonly entered a gallery constructed by a prior female. Videos show she commonly reached the location of the first female, but they did not engage in actual fighting. Rather, the second female typically departs to form her own gallery. Acoustic signaling likewise does not appear to influence female‐female encounters, based on controlled muting experiments. Instead, the intruder appears to perceive the resident's presence by physical contact. Both acoustic signals and volatiles released by females during gallery constructing were shown to attract males. After a male joined a female in a gallery, the male‐produced aggressive sounds, which were shown by playback to deter other males from entering the gallery. Unlike female‐female interactions, resident males use their head and rear to push intruders out of galleries. Additionally, volatiles released by males during feeding repelled intruding males, discouraging them from entering the gallery. Males also construct plugs that block the entrance, which may prevent subsequent males and predators from entering the gallery. Thus, D. valens has evolved multifaceted mechanisms contributing to single pairings that confer benefits to both sexes.

中文翻译：

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身体接触、挥发物和声音信号导致侵入性聚集树皮甲虫的一夫一妻制

一些昆虫维持一夫一妻制交配系统的行为策略和机制尚不清楚。我们调查了树皮甲虫 Dendroctonus valens 的交配系统，并确定了几种促成机制。实地和实验室观察表明，成虫通常在寄主定殖期间形成永久性纽带。此外，它显示与雄性配对的已交配雌性比单独在画廊中的已交配雌性产生更多的后代。在生物测定中，第二位女性通常进入由前一位女性建造的画廊。视频显示她通常到达第一个女性的位置，但他们没有进行实际战斗。相反，第二位女性通常会离开以组建自己的画廊。声音信号似乎也不会影响女性与女性的相遇，基于受控静音实验。相反，入侵者似乎通过身体接触感知到居民的存在。女性在画廊建设期间释放的声音信号和挥发物都被证明可以吸引男性。雄性在画廊中加入雌性后，雄性发出具有攻击性的声音，通过回放显示以阻止其他雄性进入画廊。与女性与女性的互动不同，常驻男性使用他们的头部和后部将入侵者推出画廊。此外，雄性在进食过程中释放的挥发物会排斥入侵的雄性，阻止它们进入画廊。雄性还会建造堵塞入口的塞子，这可能会阻止随后的雄性和掠食者进入画廊。因此，D.