This review article discusses various cognitive and behavioral interventions that have been developed with the goal of promoting self-controlled responding. Self-control can exert a significant impact on human health and impulsive behaviors are associated with a wide range of diseases and disorders, leading to the suggestion that impulsivity is a trans-disease process. The self-control interventions include effort exposure, reward discrimination, reward bundling, interval schedules of reinforcement, impulse control training, and mindfulness training. Most of the interventions have been consistently shown to increase self-control, except for mindfulness training. Some of the successful interventions are long-lasting, whereas others may be transient. Most interventions are domain-specific, targeting specific cognitive and behavioral processes that relate to self-control rather than targeting overall self-control. For example, effort exposure appears to primarily increase effort tolerance, which in turn can improve self-control. Similarly, interval schedules primarily target interval timing, which promotes self-controlled responses. A diagram outlining a proposed set of intervention effects on self-control is introduced to motivate further research in this area. The diagram suggests that the individual target processes of the interventions may potentially summate to produce general self-control, or perhaps even produce synergistic effects. In addition, it is suggested that developing a self-control profile may be advantageous for aligning specific interventions to mitigate specific deficits. Overall, the results indicate that interventions are a promising avenue for promoting self-control and may help to contribute to changing health outcomes associated with a wide variety of diseases and disorders. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2019 APA, all rights reserved).

中文翻译：

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进行自我控制的认知和行为培训干预措施。

这篇综述文章讨论了各种旨在促进自我控制反应的认知和行为干预措施。自我控制会对人类健康产生重大影响，而冲动行为则与多种疾病和失调有关，这提示冲动是一种跨疾病的过程。自我控制的干预措施包括工作量暴露，奖励歧视，奖励捆绑，强化间隔计划，冲动控制训练和正念训练。除正念训练外，大多数干预措施一直被证明可以提高自我控制能力。一些成功的干预措施是持久的，而另一些则可能是短暂的。大多数干预措施都是针对特定领域的，针对与自我控制有关的特定认知和行为过程，而不是针对整体自我控制。例如，努力暴露似乎主要增加了努力承受能力，这反过来又可以改善自我控制。同样，间隔计划主要以间隔定时为目标，这会促进自我控制的响应。引入了概述拟议的一系列对自我控制的干预效果的图表，以激励该领域的进一步研究。该图表明，干预的各个目标过程可能会加总以产生一般的自我控制，甚至可能产生协同作用。此外，建议建立一个自我控制的概况可能有利于调整具体干预措施以减轻具体缺陷。总体，结果表明，干预是促进自我控制的有前途的途径，可能有助于改变与多种疾病和失调有关的健康结果。（PsycINFO数据库记录（c）2019 APA，保留所有权利）。