The use of pesticides in agriculture can make their way into the earth and wash into the amphibian system causing ecological stress. This study aims to understand the changes occurring in gill tissues as a result of fenvalerate exposure using Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy. The intensity ratio of the selected bands I1545/I1657, I2924/I2853, and I1045/I1545 measures changes in proteins, lipids, and carbohydrates. Curve-fitting analysis was performed in the selected band region to analyze the quantitative changes of proteins, lipids, and carbohydrates. The band area ratio of CH3/asCH2+ sCH2 shows the absence of a long chain of fatty acids due to fenvalerate treatment. The band area ratio of asCH2/sCH2 increases for higher sublethal concentrations, which shows the lower disorder of lipid acyl chain flexibility. A decrease in lipids was found in lower sublethal concentrations. The secondary structure of proteins affirms β sheet development. Carbohydrate metabolism of gill tissues demonstrates a decrease in glycogen contents. A further decrease in glycogen content and an increase in lactic acid were observed when presented to a fenvalerate concentration. PCA plots indicate distinct variations among the biochemical parameters of the gill tissues. This study provides a quantitative examination of assessing pesticide toxicity in aquatic environments.

中文翻译：

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FTIR 和主成分分析法研究氰戊菊酯对 Oreochromis mossambicus 鳃组织毒性影响的生化变化

农药在农业中的使用会进入土壤并冲入两栖动物系统，造成生态压力。本研究旨在使用傅立叶变换红外光谱了解氰戊菊酯暴露后鳃组织发生的变化。所选波段 I1545/I1657、I2924/I2853 和 I1045/I1545 的强度比测量蛋白质、脂质和碳水化合物的变化。在选定的条带区域进行曲线拟合分析，以分析蛋白质、脂质和碳水化合物的数量变化。CH3/asCH2+ sCH2 的带面积比表明，由于氰戊菊酯处理，不存在长链脂肪酸。asCH2/sCH2的带面积比随着亚致死浓度的增加而增加，这表明脂酰基链柔性的紊乱程度较低。在较低的亚致死浓度下发现脂质减少。蛋白质的二级结构证实了β折叠的发展。鳃组织的碳水化合物代谢表明糖原含量减少。当呈现为氰戊菊酯浓度时，观察到糖原含量进一步降低和乳酸增加。PCA 图表明鳃组织的生化参数之间存在明显差异。本研究提供了评估水生环境中农药毒性的定量检查。当呈现为氰戊菊酯浓度时，观察到糖原含量进一步降低和乳酸增加。PCA 图表明鳃组织的生化参数之间存在明显差异。本研究提供了评估水生环境中农药毒性的定量检查。当呈现为氰戊菊酯浓度时，观察到糖原含量进一步降低和乳酸增加。PCA 图表明鳃组织的生化参数之间存在明显差异。本研究提供了评估水生环境中农药毒性的定量检查。