Alzheimer's disease, and dementia, represent a common cause of disability and one of the most relevant challenges in the health world. In addition, these conditions do not have, at moment, a pharmacological treatment that can stop the pathological progress. Mild cognitive impairment (MCI), defined as the borderline between normal aging and early dementia, represents a meaningful field of study because, in the transition to dementia, clinicians have defined a useful therapeutic window. Additionally, due to the lack of effective pharmacological interventions, recent years have seen an increase in research into new technological solutions to assess, stimulate, and assist patients afflicted with Alzheimer's disease. This review aims to outline the use of information and communication technologies in the field studying MCI. Particularly, the goal is to depict the framework and describe the most worthwhile research efforts, in order to display the current technologies available, describe the research objectives, and delineate prospective future researches. Regarding data sources, the research was conducted within three databases, PubMed Central, Web of Science, and Scopus, between January 2009 and December 2017. A total of 646 articles were found in the initial search. Accurate definition of the exclusion criteria and selection strategy allowed identification of the most relevant papers to use for the study. Finally, 56 papers were fully evaluated and included in this review. Three major clinical application areas have been portrayed, namely “Cognitive Assessment,” “Treatment,” and “Assistance.” These have been combined with three main technological solutions, specifically “Sensors,” “Personal Devices,” and “Robots.” Furthermore, the study of the publications time series illustrates a steadily increasing trend, characterized by the enrollment of small groups of subjects, and particularly oriented to the subjects assistance using robots companion. In conclusion, despite the new technological solutions for people with MCI have received much interest, particularly regarding robots for assistance, nowadays it still owns vast room for improvement.

中文翻译：

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用于评估、治疗和协助轻度认知障碍的新型技术解决方案

阿尔茨海默病和痴呆症是导致残疾的常见原因，也是健康领域最相关的挑战之一。此外，这些情况目前还没有可以阻止病理进展的药物治疗。轻度认知障碍 (MCI) 被定义为正常衰老和早期痴呆之间的分界线，代表了一个有意义的研究领域，因为在向痴呆过渡的过程中，临床医生已经定义了一个有用的治疗窗口。此外，由于缺乏有效的药物干预措施，近年来对评估、刺激和帮助阿尔茨海默病患者的新技术解决方案的研究有所增加。本综述旨在概述信息和通信技术在研究 MCI 的领域中的使用。特别，目标是描述框架并描述最有价值的研究工作，以展示当前可用的技术、描述研究目标并描绘未来的前瞻性研究。关于数据来源，研究是在 2009 年 1 月至 2017 年 12 月期间在 PubMed Central、Web of Science 和 Scopus 三个数据库中进行的。 初步搜索共找到 646 篇文章。排除标准和选择策略的准确定义允许识别最相关的论文以用于研究。最终，56篇论文被全面评估并纳入本次审查。描绘了三个主要的临床应用领域，即“认知评估”、“治疗”和“辅助”。这些已与三种主要技术解决方案相结合，特别是“传感器”、“个人设备”和“机器人”。此外，出版物时间序列的研究表明了一个稳步增长的趋势，其特点是招生人数较少，特别是面向使用机器人伴侣的学科辅助。总而言之，尽管针对 MCI 患者的新技术解决方案受到了广泛关注，尤其是在机器人辅助方面，但如今它仍有很大的改进空间。