Interictal focal EEG features were frequently observed in generalized, epilepsies, but there is limited information about interictal, epileptiform/nonepileptiform generalized paroxysms in focal epilepsies. We aimed to report the frequency and associated factors of generalized EEG discharges in focal epilepsy with unknown cause (FEUC) and mesial, temporal lobe epilepsy with hippocampal sclerosis (MTLE-HS). A total of 200 patients (FEUC in 90 patients; MTLE-HS in 110 patients) were included. Generalized epileptiform (spike/sharp waves simultaneously in all regions) and nonspecific generalized discharges (paroxysmal slow waves) were investigated. All clinical and laboratory findings of 2 groups were compared with each other and with remaining control group, without generalized paroxysms, statistically. Generalized EEG features were present in 22 (11%; 4 males) patients; 9 in the FEUC group (10%; 2) and 13 in the MTLE-HS group (11.8%). Female gender (P < .021), febrile seizure (P < .034), precipitant factors (P < .025), and parental consanguinity (P < .033) were significantly higher in the group with generalized EEG findings. Monotherapy rates were lower in the MTLE-HS group (P < .05). The relationship of generalized EEG features with female gender and parental consanguinity may point out to a genetic property among focal epilepsies, while the relationship with febrile seizures and precipitant factors may be a clue about mechanisms with more extensive involvement of the neuronal networks.

中文翻译：

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局灶性癫痫伴全身性脑电图发作的调查

在全身性癫痫中经常观察到发作间期局灶性脑电图特征，但关于局灶性癫痫中发作间期、癫痫样/非癫痫样全身阵发的信息有限。我们旨在报告不明原因局灶性癫痫 (FEUC) 和内侧颞叶癫痫伴海马硬化 (MTLE-HS) 中全身脑电图放电的频率和相关因素。共纳入 200 名患者（90 名患者为 FEUC；110 名患者为 MTLE-HS）。对全身性癫痫样（所有区域同时出现尖峰/尖波）和非特异性全身性放电（阵发性慢波）进行了研究。将2组的所有临床和实验室检查结果相互比较，并与其余对照组进行统计学比较，无全身发作。22 个 (11%; 4 名男性）患者；FEUC 组 9 例（10%；2），MTLE-HS 组 13 例（11.8%）。女性 (P < .021)、热性惊厥 (P < .034)、诱发因素 (P < .025) 和父母血缘关系 (P < .033) 在具有广泛脑电图结果的组中显着更高。MTLE-HS 组的单药治疗率较低（P < .05）。广义脑电图特征与女性性别和父母血缘关系可能表明局灶性癫痫的遗传特性，而与热性惊厥和诱发因素的关系可能是神经元网络更广泛参与机制的线索。和父母的血缘关系 (P < .033) 在具有广泛脑电图结果的组中显着更高。MTLE-HS 组的单药治疗率较低（P < .05）。广义脑电图特征与女性性别和父母血缘关系可能表明局灶性癫痫的遗传特性，而与热性惊厥和诱发因素的关系可能是神经元网络更广泛参与机制的线索。和父母的血缘关系 (P < .033) 在具有广泛脑电图结果的组中显着更高。MTLE-HS 组的单药治疗率较低（P < .05）。广义脑电图特征与女性性别和父母血缘关系可能表明局灶性癫痫的遗传特性，而与热性惊厥和诱发因素的关系可能是神经元网络更广泛参与机制的线索。