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Risk assessment of benzalkonium chloride in cosmetic products.
Journal of Toxicology and Environmental Health, Part B: Critical Reviews ( IF 7.2 ) Pub Date : 2017-12-07 , DOI: 10.1080/10937404.2017.1408552
Seul Min Choi 1 , Tae Hyun Roh 1 , Duck Soo Lim 1 , Sam Kacew 2 , Hyung Sik Kim 1 , Byung-Mu Lee 1
Affiliation  

A risk assessment of benzalkonium chloride (BAC) was conducted based upon its toxicological profile and exposure evaluation. Since 1935, BAC has been used in a wide variety of products such as disinfectants, preservatives, and sanitizers. It is well-established that BAC is not genotoxic nor does it display tumorigenic potential, but safety concerns have been raised in local usage such as for ocular and intranasal applications. The Foundation of Korea Cosmetic Industry Institute (KCII) reported that in a hair conditioner manufactured as a cosmetic or personal product in South Korea, BAC was present at concentrations of 0.5-2%. The systemic exposure dosage (SED) was determined using the above in-use concentrations and a risk assessment analysis was conducted. The Margin of Safety (MOS) values for hair conditioners were calculated to be between 621 and 2,483. The risk of certain personal and cosmetic products was also assessed based upon assumptions that BAC was present at the maximal level of regulation in South Korea and that the maximal amount was used. The MOS values for the body lotion were all above 100, regardless of the application site. Collectively, data indicate that there are no safety concerns regarding use of products that contain BAC under the current concentration restrictions, even when utilized at maximal permitted levels. However, a chronic dermal toxicity study on BAC and comprehensive dermal absorption evaluation needs to be conducted to provide a more accurate prediction of the potential health risks to humans.

中文翻译:

化妆品中苯扎氯铵的风险评估。

根据苯扎氯铵的毒理学特征和接触评估,进行了风险评估。自1935年以来,BAC已用于多种产品中,例如消毒剂,防腐剂和消毒剂。公认的是,BAC既不具有遗传毒性,也不具有致瘤潜力,但是在局部使用(例如眼和鼻内应用)中,安全性问题引起了人们的关注。韩国化妆品工业协会基金会(KCII)报告说,在韩国作为化妆品或个人产品生产的护发素中,BAC的浓度为0.5-2%。使用上述使用浓度确定全身暴露剂量(SED),并进行了风险评估分析。经计算,护发素的安全裕度(MOS)值介于621和2,483之间。还基于以下假设对某些个人和化妆品的风险进行了评估:BAC在韩国的监管水平最高,并且使用的数量最大。无论使用地点如何,润肤露的MOS值均大于100。总体而言,数据表明,即使在最大允许水平下使用,在当前浓度限制下使用含BAC的产品也不存在安全隐患。但是,需要进行有关BAC的慢性皮肤毒性研究和全面的皮肤吸收评估,以提供对人类潜在健康风险的更准确预测。还基于以下假设对某些个人和化妆品的风险进行了评估:BAC在韩国的监管水平最高,并且使用的数量最大。无论使用地点如何,润肤露的MOS值均大于100。总体而言,数据表明,即使在最大允许水平下使用,在当前浓度限制下使用含BAC的产品也不存在安全隐患。但是,需要进行有关BAC的慢性皮肤毒性研究和全面的皮肤吸收评估,以提供对人类潜在健康风险的更准确预测。还基于以下假设对某些个人和化妆品的风险进行了评估:BAC在韩国的监管水平最高,并且使用的数量最大。无论使用地点如何,润肤露的MOS值均大于100。总体而言,数据表明,即使在最大允许水平下使用,在当前浓度限制下使用含BAC的产品也不存在安全隐患。但是,需要进行有关BAC的慢性皮肤毒性研究和全面的皮肤吸收评估,以提供对人类潜在健康风险的更准确预测。无论使用地点如何,润肤露的MOS值均大于100。总体而言,数据表明,即使在最大允许水平下使用,在当前浓度限制下使用含BAC的产品也不存在安全隐患。但是,需要进行有关BAC的慢性皮肤毒性研究和全面的皮肤吸收评估,以提供对人类潜在健康风险的更准确预测。无论使用地点如何,润肤露的MOS值均大于100。总体而言,数据表明,即使在最大允许水平下使用,在当前浓度限制下使用含BAC的产品也不存在安全隐患。但是,需要进行有关BAC的慢性皮肤毒性研究和全面的皮肤吸收评估,以提供对人类潜在健康风险的更准确预测。
更新日期:2019-11-01
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