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In vivo and in vitro methods for evaluating soil arsenic bioavailability: relevant to human health risk assessment.
Journal of Toxicology and Environmental Health, Part B: Critical Reviews ( IF 7.2 ) Pub Date : 2018-01-01 , DOI: 10.1080/10937404.2018.1440902
Karen D Bradham 1 , Gary L Diamond 2 , Michele Burgess 3 , Albert Juhasz 4 , Julie M Klotzbach 2 , Mark Maddaloni 5 , Clay Nelson 1 , Kirk Scheckel 6 , Sophia M Serda 7 , Marc Stifelman 8 , David J Thomas 9
Affiliation  

Arsenic (As) is the most frequently occurring contaminant on the priority list of hazardous substances, which lists substances of greatest public health concern to people living at or near U.S. National Priorities List site. Accurate assessment of human health risks from exposure to As-contaminated soils depends on estimating its bioavailability, defined as the fraction of ingested As absorbed across the gastrointestinal barrier and available for systemic distribution and metabolism. Arsenic bioavailability varies among soils and is influenced by site-specific soil physical and chemical characteristics and internal biological factors. This review describes the state-of-the science that supports our understanding of oral bioavailability of soil As, the methods that are currently being explored for estimating soil As relative bioavailability (RBA), and future research areas that could improve our prediction of the oral RBA of soil As in humans. The following topics are addressed: (1) As soil geochemistry; (2) As toxicology; (3) in vivo models for estimating As RBA; (4) in vitro bioaccessibility methods; and (5) conclusions and research needs.

中文翻译:

评估土壤砷生物有效性的体内和体外方法:与人类健康风险评估相关。

砷 (As) 是有害物质优先清单中最常出现的污染物,该清单列出了居住在美国国家优先清单站点或附近的人们最关心的公共健康问题。准确评估暴露于受 As 污染土壤的人类健康风险取决于估计其生物利用度,定义为通过胃肠道屏障吸收并可用于全身分布和代谢的摄入 As 的比例。砷的生物有效性因土壤而异,并受特定地点的土壤物理和化学特征以及内部生物因素的影响。这篇综述描述了支持我们理解土壤 As 的口服生物有效性的科学现状,以及目前正在探索的用于估算土壤 As 相对生物有效性 (RBA) 的方法,和未来的研究领域,可以改善我们对人类土壤口腔 RBA 的预测。讨论了以下主题:(1)作为土壤地球化学;(2)作为毒理学;(3) 估计 As RBA 的体内模型;(4) 体外生物可及性方法;(5)结论和研究需要。
更新日期:2019-11-01
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