Breast cancer is the most prevalent type of cancer amongst women worldwide. The mortality rate for patients with early-stage breast cancer has been decreasing, however, the 5-year survival rate for patients with metastatic disease remains poor, currently at 27%. Here, we have reviewed the current understanding of the role of bone morphogenetic protein (BMP) signaling in breast cancer progression, and have highlighted the discordant results that are reported in different studies. We propose that some of these contradictory outcomes may result from signaling through either the canonical or non-canonical pathways in different cell lines and tumors, or from different tumor-stromal interactions that occur in vivo.

中文翻译：

---

乳腺癌进展中的骨形态发生蛋白信号传导。

乳腺癌是全世界女性中最普遍的癌症类型。早期乳腺癌患者的死亡率一直在下降，但是，转移性疾病患者的5年生存率仍然很低，目前为27％。在这里，我们回顾了目前对骨形态发生蛋白（BMP）信号在乳腺癌进展中的作用的理解，并强调了不同研究中报道的不一致结果。我们建议这些矛盾的结果中的一些可能是由于通过不同细胞系和肿瘤中的经典或非经典途径的信号传导，或体内发生的不同肿瘤-基质相互作用而引起的。