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Wormlions prefer both fine and deep sand but only deep sand leads to better performance
Current Zoology ( IF 2.2 ) Pub Date : 2018-08-23 , DOI: 10.1093/cz/zoy065
Michael A Bar-Ziv 1 , Darar Bega 1 , Aziz Subach 1 , Inon Scharf 1
Affiliation  

Abstract Wormlions are small fly larvae that dig pits in loose soil to trap their prey. Similar to other trap-building predators, like spiders and antlions, they depend on the habitat structure for successful trap construction and prey catch. We examined whether sites at which wormlions are present differ in sand depth and particle size from nearby sites, at which wormlions are absent. Next, in the laboratory we manipulated both sand depth and type (fine vs. coarse) to determine their joint effect on microhabitat preference, the size of the constructed pit, wormlion movement, and their latency to respond to prey. We expected better performance by wormlions in fine and deep sand, and the sand in wormlions’ natural sites to be finer and deeper. However, in only partial agreement with our expectations, wormlion sites featured finer sand but not deeper sand. In the laboratory, wormlions preferred both fine and deep sand, and moved more in shallow and coarse sand, which we interpret as an attempt to relocate away from unfavorable conditions. However, only deep sand led to larger pits being constructed and to a faster response to prey. The preference for fine sand could, therefore, be related to other benefits that sand provides. Finally, body mass was a dominant factor, interacting with the preference for both deep and fine sand: deep over shallow sand was more favored by large wormlions and fine over coarse sand by smaller ones. Our results suggest that several factors should be incorporated when studying microhabitat selection.

中文翻译:

蠕虫喜欢细沙和深沙,但只有深沙才能获得更好的性能

摘要 Wormlions 是小型苍蝇幼虫,它们在松散的土壤中挖坑以捕获猎物。与其他陷阱捕食者(如蜘蛛和蚁狮)类似,它们依赖栖息地结构来成功建造陷阱并捕获猎物。我们检查了蠕虫存在的地点是否与附近没有蠕虫的地点的沙子深度和粒度不同。接下来,在实验室中,我们操纵沙子的深度和类型(细砂与粗砂)来确定它们对微栖息地偏好、所建坑的大小、蠕虫运动以及它们对猎物作出反应的潜伏期的共同影响。我们预计虫狮在细沙和深沙中的表现会更好,而虫狮自然地点的沙子会更细更深。然而,仅部分符合我们的预期,虫狮遗址的沙子更细,但沙子不深。在实验室中,虫狮更喜欢细沙和深沙,在浅沙和粗沙中移动更多,我们将其解释为试图远离不利条件。然而,只有深沙才能建造更大的坑,并对猎物做出更快的反应。因此,对细沙的偏好可能与沙子提供的其他好处有关。最后,体重是一个主导因素,与对深沙和细沙的偏好相互作用:大型蠕虫更偏爱深沙而不是浅沙,较小的蠕虫更偏爱细沙而不是粗沙。我们的结果表明,在研究微生境选择时应该考虑几个因素。我们将其解释为试图搬离不利条件。然而,只有深沙才能建造更大的坑,并对猎物做出更快的反应。因此,对细沙的偏好可能与沙子提供的其他好处有关。最后,体重是一个主导因素,与对深沙和细沙的偏好相互作用:大型蠕虫更偏爱深沙而不是浅沙,较小的蠕虫更偏爱细沙而不是粗沙。我们的结果表明,在研究微生境选择时应该考虑几个因素。我们将其解释为试图搬离不利条件。然而,只有深沙才能建造更大的坑,并对猎物做出更快的反应。因此,对细沙的偏好可能与沙子提供的其他好处有关。最后,体重是一个主导因素,与对深沙和细沙的偏好相互作用:大型蠕虫更偏爱深沙而不是浅沙,较小的蠕虫更偏爱细沙而不是粗沙。我们的结果表明,在研究微生境选择时应该考虑几个因素。体重是一个主要因素,与对深沙和细沙的偏好相互作用:大型虫狮更喜欢深沙而不是浅沙,较小的虫狮更喜欢细沙而不是粗沙。我们的结果表明,在研究微生境选择时应该考虑几个因素。体重是一个主要因素,与对深沙和细沙的偏好相互作用:大型虫狮更喜欢深沙而不是浅沙,较小的虫狮更喜欢细沙而不是粗沙。我们的结果表明,在研究微生境选择时应该考虑几个因素。
更新日期:2018-08-23
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