This study examined the oral epithelial immunotranscriptome response patterns modulated by oral bacterial planktonic or biofilm challenge. We assessed gene expression patterns when epithelial cells were challenged with a multispecies biofilm composed of Streptococcus gordonii, Fusobacterium nucleatum, and Porphyromonas gingivalis representing a type of periodontopathic biofilm compared to challenge with the same species of planktonic bacteria. Of the 579 human immunology genes, a substantial signal of the epithelial cells was observed to 181 genes. Biofilm challenged stimulated significant elevations compared to planktonic bacteria for IL32, IL8, CD44, B2M, TGFBI, NFKBIA, IL1B, CD59, IL1A, CCL20 representing the top 10 signals comprising 55% of the overall signal for the epithelial cell responses. Levels of PLAU, CD9, IFITM1, PLAUR, CD24, TNFSF10, and IL1RN were all elevated by each of the planktonic bacterial challenge vs the biofilm responses. While the biofilms up‐regulated 123/579 genes (>2‐fold), fewer genes were increased by the planktonic species (36 [S gordonii], 30 [F nucleatum], 44 [P gingivalis]). A wide array of immune genes were regulated by oral bacterial challenge of epithelial cells that would be linked to the local activity of innate and adaptive immune response components in the gingival tissues. Incorporating bacterial species into a structured biofilm dramatically altered the number and level of genes expressed. Additionally, a specific set of genes were significantly decreased with the multispecies biofilms suggesting that some epithelial cell biologic pathways are down‐regulated when in contact with this type of pathogenic biofilm.

中文翻译：

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生物膜诱导的口腔上皮细胞免疫反应基因表达的概况。

这项研究检查了口腔细菌浮游或生物膜攻击调节的口腔上皮免疫转录组反应模式。当上皮细胞受到由戈登链球菌，核梭菌和牙龈卟啉菌组成的多物种生物膜攻击时，我们评估了基因表达模式。与使用相同种类的浮游细菌进行攻击相比，代表了一种牙周病生物膜。在579个人类免疫学基因中，有181个基因被观察到上皮细胞的大量信号。与浮游细菌相比，生物膜对IL32，IL8，CD44，B2M，TGFBI，NFKBIA，IL1B，CD59，IL1A，CCL20的刺激引起的明显升高，代表了前10个信号，占上皮细胞应答总信号的55％。浮游细菌攻击与生物膜反应相比，PLAU，CD9，IFITM1，PLAUR，CD24，TNFSF10和IL1RN的水平均升高。虽然生物膜上调了123/579基因（> 2倍），但浮游物种增加的基因较少（36 [ S gordonii ]，30 [ F nucleatum ]，44 [牙龈炎]）。多种免疫基因受到上皮细胞口服细菌攻击的调控，这与牙龈组织中先天性和适应性免疫反应成分的局部活性有关。将细菌物种整合到结构化的生物膜中会极大地改变表达基因的数量和水平。此外，随着多种生物膜的出现，一组特定的基因显着减少，这表明与这种类型的病原生物膜接触时，某些上皮细胞的生物途径被下调。