Inulin has been used as a prebiotic to alleviate glucose and lipid metabolism disorders in mice and humans by modulating the gut microbiota. However, the mechanism underlying the alleviation of metabolic disorders by inulin through interactions between the gut microbiota and host cells is unclear. We use ob/ob mice as a model to study the effect of inulin on the cecal microbiota by 16S rRNA gene amplicon sequencing and its interaction with host cells by transcriptomics. The inulin-supplemented diet improved glucose and lipid metabolism disorder parameters in ob/ob mice, alleviating fat accumulation and glucose intolerance. The α diversity of gut microbial community of ob/ob mice was reduced after inulin treatment, while the β diversity tended to return to the level of wild type mice. Interestingly, Prevotellaceae UCG 001 (family Prevotellaceae) was obviously enriched after inulin treatment. A comparative analysis of the gene expression profile showed that the cecal transcriptome was changed in leptin gene deficiency mice, whereas the inulin-supplemented diet partially reversed the changes in leptin gene-related signaling pathways, especially AMPK signaling pathway, where the levels of gene expression became comparable to those in wild type mice. Further analysis indicated that Prevotellaceae UCG 001 was positively correlated with the AMPK signaling pathway, which was negatively correlated with markers of glycolipid metabolism disorders. Our results suggest that the inulin-supplemented diet alleviates glucose and lipid metabolism disorders by partially restoring leptin related pathways mediated by gut microbiota.

中文翻译：

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菊粉可通过部分恢复肠道菌群介导的瘦素相关途径来减轻ob / ob小鼠的代谢紊乱。

菊粉已被用作益生元，通过调节肠道菌群来减轻小鼠和人类的葡萄糖和脂质代谢紊乱。但是，尚不清楚通过菊糖通过肠道菌群和宿主细胞之间的相互作用减轻胰岛素代谢紊乱的机制。我们使用ob / ob小鼠为模型，通过16S rRNA基因扩增子测序研究菊粉对盲肠微生物的影响，并通过转录组学研究其与宿主细胞的相互作用。补充菊粉的饮食改善了ob / ob小鼠的葡萄糖和脂质代谢紊乱参数，减轻了脂肪堆积和葡萄糖不耐症。菊粉处理后，ob / ob小鼠肠道微生物群落的α多样性降低，而β多样性则趋于恢复至野生型小鼠的水平。有趣的是 菊粉处理后，Prevotellaceae UCG 001（家族Prevotellaceae）明显富集。对基因表达谱的比较分析表明，瘦素基因缺陷小鼠的盲肠转录组发生了变化，而补充菊粉的饮食部分逆转了瘦素基因相关信号传导途径的变化，尤其是AMPK信号传导途径，其中基因表达水平变得与野生型小鼠相当。进一步的分析表明，前果菊科UCG 001与AMPK信号通路呈正相关，而与糖脂代谢障碍的标记物呈负相关。我们的研究结果表明，补充菊粉的饮食可以部分恢复肠道菌群介导的瘦素相关途径，从而减轻葡萄糖和脂质代谢紊乱。