When and why do people choose a more or a less risky option? To answer this question, we propose that it is essential to examine the dynamic interrelations among three factors-the decision maker's goal (e.g., promotion vs. prevention goal), the current value state (e.g., the domain of gains vs. losses), and the choice set (i.e., perceived available options). We review previous theories that highlight the significance of each of these three factors. We then propose a motivational framework of risk preference that describes how these three factors work together motivationally to impact risk preference, illustrated by evidence from regulatory focus research. We then draw on this new motivational framework to examine the ways in which achievement motivation, need for power, and need for relational security are related to decision under risk, and discuss the broader implications of this motivational framework of risk preference. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2019 APA, all rights reserved).

中文翻译：

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风险偏好：决策者的目标，当前价值状态和选择组合如何协同工作。

人们何时以及为何选择风险更大或更小的选择？为了回答这个问题，我们建议有必要研究三个因素之间的动态关系：决策者的目标（例如，晋升与预防目标），当前价值状态（例如，收益与损失的范围），和选择集（即，感知的可用选项）。我们回顾了先前的理论，这些理论突出了这三个因素的重要性。然后，我们提出了风险偏好的激励框架，该框架描述了这三个因素如何共同激励影响风险偏好，并通过监管重点研究的证据加以说明。然后，我们利用这个新的激励框架来研究成就动机，对权力的需求以及对关系安全的需求与风险决策相关的方式，并讨论这种风险偏好激励框架的广泛含义。（PsycINFO数据库记录（c）2019 APA，保留所有权利）。