Double-stage delay-multiply-and-sum (DS-DMAS) is an algorithm proposed for photoacoustic image reconstruction. The DS-DMAS algorithm offers a higher contrast than conventional delay-and-sum and delay-multiply and-sum but at the expense of higher computational complexity. Here, we utilized a compute unified device architecture (CUDA) graphics processing unit (GPU) parallel computation approach to address the high complexity of the DS-DMAS for photoacoustic image reconstruction generated from a commercial light-emitting diode (LED)–based photoacoustic scanner. In comparison with a single-threaded central processing unit (CPU), the GPU approach increased speeds by nearly 140-fold for 1024 × 1024 pixel image; there was no decrease in accuracy. The proposed implementation makes it possible to reconstruct photoacoustic images with frame rates of 250, 125, and 83.3 when the images are 64 × 64, 128 × 128, and 256 × 256, respectively. Thus, DS-DMAS can be efficiently used in clinical devices when coupled with CUDA GPU parallel computation.

中文翻译：

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用于使用 LED 激发和线性阵列的快速光声断层扫描的 GPU 加速双级延迟乘法和求和算法

双级延迟乘法和求和 (DS-DMAS) 是一种用于光声图像重建的算法。DS-DMAS 算法提供比传统延迟求和和延迟乘法求和更高的对比度，但代价是计算复杂度更高。在这里，我们利用计算统一设备架构 (CUDA) 图形处理单元 (GPU) 并行计算方法来解决 DS-DMAS 的高复杂性，用于从基于商业发光二极管 (LED) 的光声扫描仪生成的光声图像重建. 与单线程中央处理器 (CPU) 相比，GPU 方法将 1024 × 1024 像素图像的速度提高了近 140 倍；准确度没有下降。所提出的实施方案使得以 250 帧速率重建光声图像成为可能，当图像分别为 64 × 64、128 × 128 和 256 × 256 时，分别为 125 和 83.3。因此，当与 CUDA GPU 并行计算相结合时，DS-DMAS 可以有效地用于临床设备。