The aim of this study was to reveal the relative content of C, N, Ca, Si, P, Mg, K, S and Fe in seston particles in Norwegian coastal water (NCW), and how it relates to biological and hydrographic processes during seasonal cycles from October 2009–March 2012. The following over all stoichiometric relationship for the time series was obtained: C₆₆N₁₁Si_3.4Ca_2.3P₁Mg_0.73S_0.37K_0.35Fe_0.30, which is novel for marine waters. A record-breaking (187-year record) negative North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO) index caused extreme physical forcing on the Norwegian Coastal Current Water (NCCW) during the winter 2009–2010, and the inflow and upwelling of saline Atlantic water (AW) in the fjord was thus extraordinary during late spring-early summer in 2010. The element concentrations in fjord seston particles responded strongly to this convection, revealed by maximum values of all elements, except Fe, exceeding average values with 10.8 × for Ca, 9.3 for K, 5.3 for S, 5.1 for Mg, 4.6 for Si, 4.0 for P, 3.8 for C, and 3.3 for N and Fe. This indicates that the signature of the Atlantic inflow was roughly two times stronger for Ca and K than for the others, probably connected with peaks in coccolithophorids and diatoms. There is, however, 1.5 × more of Si than Ca contained in the seston, which could be due to a stronger dominance of diatoms than coccolithophorids, confirming their environmental fitness. In total our data do not indicate any severe nutrient limitation with respect to N, P and Fe, but accumulation of iron by Fe-sequestering bacteria might at times reduce the availability of the dissolved Fe-fraction. There is a high correlation between most of the measured elements, except for Ca, which together with Fe only weakly correlated with the other elements. It is to be expected that environmental alterations in NCW related to climate change will influence the seston elemental composition, but the full effect of this will be strongly dependent on the future dominance of the high pressure versus low pressure systems (i.e. NAO index), since they are key regulators for the direction of wind driven vertical convection (i.e. upwelling or downwelling). Changes in stratification, temperature, light, pH (ocean acidification), CaCO₃ concentrations (carbon pump) and availability of nutrients in the euphotic zone (biogeochemical cycling) are essential for the future dominance of coccolithophorids versus diatoms.

这项研究的目的是揭示挪威沿海水域（NCW）的尘埃颗粒中C，N，Ca，Si，P，Mg，K，S和Fe的相对含量，以及在过程中它与生物和水文过程之间的关系从2009年10月至2012年3月这两个季节周期。获得以下时间序列的所有化学计量关系：C ₆₆ N ₁₁ Si _3.4 Ca _2.3 P ₁ Mg _0.73 S _0.37 K _0.35 Fe _0.30，这对于海水来说是新颖的。北大西洋涛动（NAO）指数破纪录（创187年记录），在2009-2010年冬季对挪威沿海水流（NCCW）造成了极大的物理强迫，并导致大西洋盐水（AW）的流入和上升因此，在峡湾中的这种元素在2010年春末至初夏期间非常不寻常。峡湾塞斯顿颗粒中的元素浓度对该对流有强烈反应，除Fe以外，所有元素的最大值均超过平均值，其中Ca的平均值为10.8×，Ca的平均值为9.3。 K，S 5.3，Mg 5.1，Si 4.6，P 4.0，C 3.8，N和Fe 3.3。这表明，Ca和K的大西洋流特征比其他流域的强大约两倍，可能与球墨石藻和硅藻中的峰有关。但是有1。硒中的Si比Ca中的Si多5倍，这可能是由于硅藻比球墨紫苏藻类更强的优势，证实了它们的环境适应性。总的来说，我们的数据并未显示出对N，P和Fe的任何严重养分限制，但是由Fe螯合细菌积累的铁有时可能会降低溶解的Fe部分的利用率。除Ca之外，大多数被测元素之间都具有高度相关性，而Ca与Fe只是与其他元素之间的相关性很弱。可以预料的是，NCW中与气候变化有关的环境变化将影响活塞的元素组成，但是其全部效果将在很大程度上取决于高压与低压系统（即NAO指数）的未来优势，因为它们是风垂直对流（即上升流或下降流）方向的关键调节器。分层，温度，光照，pH（海洋酸化），CaCO的变化₃浓度（碳泵）和富营养区中的养分利用率（生物地球化学循环）对于球墨镜藻与硅藻的未来优势至关重要。