Landfill leachate contains a large amount of organic matter and ammoniacal nitrogen. As such, it has become a complex and difficult issue within the water treatment industry. The activated sludge process has been found to be a good solution with low processing costs and is now therefore the core process for leachate treatment, especially for nitrogen removal. This paper describes the characteristics and treatment of leachate. Treatment of leachate using the activated sludge process includes the removal of organic matter, ammoniacal nitrogen, and total nitrogen (TN). The core method for the removal of organic matter involves anaerobic treatment supplemented with an aerobic process. Ammoniacal nitrogen is commonly removed using a conventional aerobic treatment, and advanced TN removal is achieved using endogenous denitrification or an anaerobic ammonium oxidation (ANAMMOX) process. Since biological processes are the most economical method for TN removal, a key issue is how to tap the full potential of the activated sludge process and improve TN removal from leachate. This complex issue has been identified as the focus of current scholars, as well as an important future direction for leachate research and development.

中文翻译：

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活性污泥技术处理垃圾渗滤液的研究进展。

垃圾填埋场渗滤液中含有大量有机物和氨氮。因此，它已经成为水处理行业中一个复杂而困难的问题。已经发现，活性污泥法是一种具有低处理成本的好的解决方案，因此现在是渗滤液处理，尤其是脱氮的核心工艺。本文介绍了渗滤液的特征和处理方法。使用活性污泥工艺处理渗滤液包括去除有机物，氨氮和总氮（TN）。去除有机物的核心方法包括辅以需氧工艺的厌氧处理。氨氮通常使用常规的好氧处理去除，使用内源性反硝化或厌氧铵氧化（ANAMMOX）工艺可实现高级TN去除。由于生物过程是去除TN的最经济的方法，一个关键问题是如何充分利用活性污泥过程的潜力并提高从渗滤液中去除TN的能力。这个复杂的问题已被确定为当前学者关注的焦点，也是渗滤液研究与开发的重要未来方向。