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Helmet‐shaped Body of Entodiniomorphid Ciliates (Ciliophora, Entodiniomorphida), a Synapomorphy or a Homoplasy?
Journal of Eukaryotic Microbiology ( IF 2.2 ) Pub Date : 2019-07-24 , DOI: 10.1111/jeu.12749
Franciane Cedrola 1 , Marcus Vinicius Senra 1, 2 , Marta D'Agosto 1 , Roberto Júnio Pedroso Dias 1
Affiliation  

Triadinium was created to include Triadinium caudatum. Further, four other species were included, T. minimum, T. galea, T. elongatum, and T. magnum, all sharing a characteristic helmet‐shaped body. Wolska and Grain argued that the inclusion of T. minimum and T. galea into Triadinium was done based on superficial morphological aspects, and established two new genera to accommodate these species: Circodinium and Gassovskiella. Although the phylogenetic relationships within Entodiniomorphida have been investigated by multiple authors, none of them discussed the evolutionary relationship of helmet‐shaped entodiniomorphids. We performed molecular phylogenetics and revisited old literature digging for morphological data to explain our results. According to our analyses, the helmet‐shaped body is homoplastic and may have evolved from at least three different entodiniomorphid ancestors. Circodinium minimum is phylogenetically related to members of Blepharocorythidae, T. caudatum emerged within Spirodiniidae and G. galea within Polydiniellidae. This phylogenetic hypothesis is partially supported by information on infraciliature and ultrastructure of C. minimum and T. caudatum. However, such morphological information is not available for polydiniellids. In order to shed some light into the evolution of the helmet‐shaped ciliates, future works should focus to collect information on the infraciliature and the ultrastructure of Polydiniella mysorea and of other Triadinium species.

中文翻译:

Entodiniomorphid 纤毛虫 (Ciliophora, Entodiniomorphida) 的头盔形体,是突触还是同质?

Triadinium 的创建包括 Triadinium caudatum。此外,还包括其他四个物种,T. minimum、T. galea、T. elongatum 和 T. magnum,它们都共享一个典型的头盔形身体。Wolska 和 Grain 认为,将 T. minimum 和 T. galea 纳入 Triadinium 是基于表面形态学方面的,并建立了两个新属来容纳这些物种:Circodinium 和 Gassovskiella。尽管多位作者已经研究了 Entodiniomorphida 内的系统发育关系,但他们都没有讨论头盔形内源类动物的进化关系。我们进行了分子系统发育学,并重新查阅了挖掘形态学数据的旧文献来解释我们的结果。根据我们的分析,头盔状的身体是同质的,可能是从至少三个不同的内环亚目祖先进化而来的。Circodinium minimum 与 Blepharocorythidae 的成员在系统发育上相关,T. caudatum 出现在 Spirodiniidae 中,G. galea 出现在 Polydinielliidae 中。这种系统发育假说部分得到了 C. minimum 和 T. caudatum 的基础结构和超微结构信息的支持。然而,这种形态学信息不适用于多线虫。为了对头盔状纤毛虫的进化有一些了解,未来的工作应该集中在收集有关 Polydiniella mysorea 和其他 Triadinium 物种的基础结构和超微结构的信息。Caudatum 出现在 Spirodiniidae 中,G. galea 出现在 Polydiniellidae 中。这种系统发育假说部分得到了 C. minimum 和 T. caudatum 的基础结构和超微结构信息的支持。然而,这种形态学信息不适用于多线虫。为了对头盔状纤毛虫的进化有一些了解,未来的工作应该集中在收集有关 Polydiniella mysorea 和其他 Triadinium 物种的基础结构和超微结构的信息。caudatum 出现在 Spirodiniidae 中,G. galea 出现在 Polydiniellidae 中。这种系统发育假说部分得到了 C. minimum 和 T. caudatum 的基础结构和超微结构信息的支持。然而,这种形态学信息不适用于多线虫。为了对头盔状纤毛虫的进化有一些了解,未来的工作应该集中在收集有关 Polydiniella mysorea 和其他 Triadinium 物种的基础结构和超微结构的信息。
更新日期:2019-07-24
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