Bone defects remain a significant health issue and a major cause of morbidity in elderly patients. Composites based on collagen/calcium phosphate have been widely used for bone repair in clinical applications, owing to their comparability to bone extracellular matrix. This study aimed to evaluate the effects of a scaffold of collagen/calcium phosphate (COL/β-TCP) on bone formation to assess its potential use as a bone substitute to repair bone defects. Bilateral full-thickness critically sized calvarial defects (8 mm in diameter) were created in New Zealand white rabbits and treated with COL/β-TCP or COL scaffolds. One defect was also left unfilled as a control. Bone regeneration was assessed through histological evaluation using hematoxylin and eosin and Masson’s trichrome staining after 4 and 8 weeks. Alizarin Red staining was also utilized to observe the mineralization process. Our findings indicated that COL/β-TCP implantation could better enhance bone regeneration than COL and exhibited both new bone growth and scaffold material degradation.

中文翻译：

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胶原蛋白/β-磷酸三钙骨移植对兔危重颅骨缺损骨再生的影响

骨缺损仍然是一个重要的健康问题，也是老年患者发病的主要原因。基于胶原蛋白/磷酸钙的复合材料由于与骨细胞外基质的可比性，已被广泛用于临床应用中的骨修复。本研究旨在评估胶原蛋白/磷酸钙 (COL/β-TCP) 支架对骨形成的影响，以评估其作为骨替代品修复骨缺损的潜在用途。双侧全层临界尺寸颅骨缺损（直径 8 毫米）是在新西兰白兔中产生的，并用 COL/β-TCP 或 COL 支架治疗。一个缺陷也未填充作为对照。4 周和 8 周后，通过使用苏木精和伊红以及马森三色染色的组织学评估来评估骨再生。茜素红染色也用于观察矿化过程。我们的研究结果表明，COL/β-TCP 植入可以比 COL 更好地促进骨再生，并且表现出新骨生长和支架材料降解。