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Exosome-encapsulated microRNAs as promising biomarkers for Alzheimer’s disease
Reviews in the Neurosciences ( IF 4.1 ) Pub Date : 2019-07-18 , DOI: 10.1515/revneuro-2019-0001
Jian-Jiao Chen 1, 2 , Guang Yang 3 , Qing-Qing Yan 4 , Jie Zhao 4, 5 , Shao Li 4, 5
Affiliation  

Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is a chronic neurodegenerative disease that locks into long clinical latency and low curative ratio. Therefore, early diagnosis before the clinical phase is quite essential and may be effective for therapeutic prevention. Peripheral blood or cerebrospinal fluid biomarkers symbolizing functional neuronal impairment are gradually applied to diagnose AD in research studies. Exosomes have generated immense interest in the diagnosis field of neurodegenerative disorders after confirmation of their roles as mediators, delivering important proteins and microRNAs (miRNAs) in intercellular communication. Compelling research results reveal that miRNAs released from exosomes modulate expression and function of amyloid precursor proteins and tau proteins. These findings open up possibility that dysfunctional exosomal miRNAs may influence AD progression. In this review, we summarized the existing knowledge of exosomal miRNAs and their involvement in AD, emphasizing their potential to serve as diagnostic biomarkers during the preclinical phase of AD.

中文翻译:

外泌体包裹的 microRNA 作为阿尔茨海默病的有希望的生物标志物

阿尔茨海默病(AD)是一种慢性神经退行性疾病,临床潜伏期长,治愈率低。因此,在临床阶段之前的早期诊断非常重要,并且可能对治疗预防有效。象征功能性神经元损伤的外周血或脑脊液生物标志物在研究中逐渐应用于诊断 AD。外泌体在确认其作为介质、在细胞间通讯中传递重要蛋白质和 microRNA (miRNA) 的作用后,在神经退行性疾病的诊断领域引起了极大的兴趣。令人信服的研究结果表明,从外泌体释放的 miRNA 可调节淀粉样前体蛋白和 tau 蛋白的表达和功能。这些发现开启了功能失调的外泌体 miRNA 可能影响 AD 进展的可能性。在这篇综述中,我们总结了外泌体 miRNA 的现有知识及其在 AD 中的作用,强调了它们在 AD 临床前阶段作为诊断生物标志物的潜力。
更新日期:2019-07-18
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