The use of excessive antibiotics in medical treatment and animal breeding has led to their prevalence in the environment and foods. Thereby, rapid, cheap, and sustainable techniques are required to detect and control the potential risk related to antibiotics. Actually, immunoassays have wide applications for this purpose, and improved assay formats with enzymatic, fluorescent, nanodispersed, and other tracers have enhanced the efficiency of the technique. However, there are several shortcomings of immunoassay due to the protein nature of antibodies. Thereby, molecular imprinting technology has evolved as growing artificial analytical receptor for molecular recognition with binding properties similar to natural antibodies. Molecularly imprinted polymers (MIPs) are defined as “plastibodies” or substitutes for antibodies in immunoassays. This review gives a general overview of the application of molecular imprinting to analytical systems, its state of art, and perspective. The application of MIP-based assays in the detection of antibiotics in food and environmental samples is explored herein.

在医学和动物育种中使用过多的抗生素已导致其在环境和食物中的流行。因此，需要快速，廉价和可持续的技术来检测和控制与抗生素有关的潜在风险。实际上，免疫测定为此目的而得到了广泛的应用，并且采用酶促，荧光，纳米分散和其他示踪剂的改良测定形式提高了该技术的效率。但是，由于抗体的蛋白质性质，存在免疫测定的几个缺点。因此，分子印迹技术已经发展成为用于分子识别的具有与天然抗体相似的结合特性的人工分析受体。分子印迹聚合物（MIP）被定义为“质体”或免疫测定法中抗体的替代品。这篇综述给出了分子印迹在分析系统中的应用，其技术水平和前景的总体概述。本文探讨了基于MIP的检测在食品和环境样品中抗生素检测中的应用。