Autoimmunity is an identified factor for development of end-stage renal disease (ESRD). Regulatory T-cells (Tregs) play a fundamental role in preventing autoimmunity. This study aimed to determine Treg frequency and its effects on cytokine profile of ESRD patients with and without systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). Moreover, this study also determines how Treg number is affected by blood transfusion and gender. Peripheral blood mononuclear cells were isolated from 26 ESRD and 10 healthy subjects and stained with anti-CD4, anti-CD25, and anti-FoxP3 antibodies. Treg frequencies in ESRD patients with and without blood transfusion were determined by flow cytometry. Antibodies against human leukocyte antigens (HLAs) were investigated by panel-reactive antibodies screening. Tumor growth factor (TGF)-β1, interleukin (IL)-4, IL-10, TNF-α, IL-17A, and interferon (IFN)-γ serum levels in participants were measured by enzyme-linked immunoasorbent assay (ELISA). ESRD patients with SLE, unlike the patients without SLE, showed a significant reduction in Treg percentage compared to healthy subjects (P < 0.01). All women had a reduced number of Tregs compared to men. Treg number was significantly decreased in ESRD patients with HLA antibodies (P < 0.05). Blood transfusion enhanced Treg development in ESRD patients without SLE, unlike the patients with SLE (P < 0.05). ESRD patients with low Treg showed a reduction in TGF-β1 and IL-4 and an increase in TNF-α and IL-17A levels compared to control groups (P < 0.05-0.0001). However, no change was observed in IL-10 and IFN-γ levels. Treg frequency was negatively associated with the age of patients (P < 0.01), while this association was not observed in healthy subjects. Based on these findings, it can be observed that reduction in Treg number may contribute to ESRD development in patients with SLE.

中文翻译：

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调节性T细胞及其对患有系统性红斑狼疮的晚期肾脏疾病患者的细胞因子谱的影响。

自身免疫是终末期肾病（ESRD）发展的确定因素。调节性T细胞（Tregs）在预防自身免疫中起着基本作用。本研究旨在确定Treg频率及其对患有和不患有系统性红斑狼疮（SLE）的ESRD患者的细胞因子谱的影响。此外，这项研究还确定了输血和性别如何影响Treg数量。从26名ESRD和10名健康受试者中分离出外周血单核细胞，并用抗CD4，抗CD25和抗FoxP3抗体染色。通过流式细胞术确定有或没有输血的ESRD患者的Treg频率。通过面板反应性抗体筛选研究了针对人白细胞抗原（HLA）的抗体。肿瘤生长因子（TGF）-β1，白介素（IL）-4，IL-10，TNF-α，IL-17A，用酶联免疫吸附试验（ELISA）测定参与者的IFN-γ和IFN-γ血清水平。与未患有SLE的患者不同，患有SLE的ESRD患者与健康受试者相比，其Treg百分比显着降低（P <0.01）。与男性相比，所有女性的Treg数量均减少。具有HLA抗体的ESRD患者的Treg数量显着降低（P <0.05）。与有SLE的患者不同，输血可促进无SLE的ESRD患者的Treg发育（P <0.05）。与对照组相比，具有低Treg的ESRD患者显示TGF-β1和IL-4降低，TNF-α和IL-17A水平升高（P <0.05-0.0001）。但是，没有观察到IL-10和IFN-γ水平的变化。Treg频率与患者年龄呈负相关（P <0.01），而在健康受试者中未观察到这种关联。基于这些发现，可以观察到，TLE数量减少可能有助于SLE患者ESRD的发展。