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Long-Term Test-Retest Reliability of the UPSIT in Cognitively Intact Older Adults.
Chemical Senses ( IF 3.5 ) Pub Date : 2019-07-17 , DOI: 10.1093/chemse/bjz025
Davangere P Devanand 1, 2 , Xinhua Liu 3 , Hannah Cohen 1 , John Budrow 1, 4 , Nicole Schupf 5 , Jennifer Manly 5 , Seonjoo Lee 2, 3, 6
Affiliation  

The objective of this study was to determine the long-term test-retest reliability of the University of Pennsylvania Smell Identification Test (UPSIT), and its individual items, in cognitively intact older adults. A community sample of older adults received a neuropsychological test battery, including the 12-item, 6-trial Selective Reminding Test (SRT). The UPSIT was administered at baseline and follow-up that occurred between 1 and 4 years after baseline. UPSIT scores of participants who were cognitively intact and did not decline cognitively were examined for test-retest reliability. In 92 older adults with mean age 77.6 years followed for 2.79 (standard deviation [SD] 0.69) years, mean UPSIT score declined from 30.29 (SD 5.83) to 27.80 (SD 5.50). In linear mixed models that adjusted for time, age, sex, and education, intraclass correlation coefficients for UPSIT were 0.65, SRT delayed recall 0.59, and SRT total immediate recall 0.49. Among 4 possible response combinations, the largest proportion of participants had correct responses at both visits for 35 out of 40 items. Consistency of item responses ranged from 50% to 90% across the 2 time points. The long-term test-retest reliability of the UPSIT was moderately strong without practice effects over long periods of time in older adults. These results provide indirect support to prior findings on odor identification impairment predicting cognitive decline and dementia, and suggest potential use of olfactory testing as a biomarker in prevention and treatment trials of cognitive enhancers.

中文翻译:

在认知完好的成年人中,UPSIT的长期重测可靠性。

这项研究的目的是确定在认知完好的成年人中,宾夕法尼亚大学气味识别测验(UPSIT)及其个别项目的长期重测信度。社区的老年人样本接受了神经心理学测试,包括12个项目,6个试验的选择性提醒测试(SRT)。UPSIT在基线进行,并在基线后1至4年进行随访。检验认知完好且认知能力不下降的参与者的UPSIT分数,以进行重新测试的信度。在92位平均年龄为77.6岁的成年人中,其后为2.79年(标准差[SD] 0.69),其平均UPSIT得分从30.29(SD 5.83)下降至27.80(SD 5.50)。在根据时间,年龄,性别和教育程度进行调整的线性混合模型中,UPSIT的类内相关系数为0.65,SRT延迟召回为0.59,SRT总立即召回为0.49。在4种可能的回应组合中,最大比例的参与者在两次访问中对40项中的35项做出了正确的回应。在两个时间点内,项目回复的一致性范围从50%到90%。对于老年人,UPSIT的长期重测可靠性很强,并且在很长一段时间内没有实践影响。这些结果间接地支持了先前关于气味识别障碍的发现,预测认知能力下降和痴呆,并暗示嗅觉测试作为认知增强剂预防和治疗试验中的生物标志物的潜在用途。在4种可能的回应组合中,最大比例的参与者在两次访问中对40项中的35项做出了正确的回应。在两个时间点内,项目回复的一致性范围从50%到90%。对于老年人,UPSIT的长期重测可靠性很强,并且在很长一段时间内没有实践影响。这些结果间接地支持了先前关于气味识别障碍的发现,预测认知能力下降和痴呆,并暗示嗅觉测试作为认知增强剂预防和治疗试验中的生物标志物的潜在用途。在4种可能的回应组合中,最大比例的参与者在两次访问中对40项中的35项做出了正确的回应。在两个时间点内,项目回复的一致性范围从50%到90%。对于老年人,UPSIT的长期重测可靠性很强,并且在很长一段时间内没有实践影响。这些结果间接地支持了先前关于气味识别障碍的发现,预测认知能力下降和痴呆,并暗示嗅觉测试作为认知增强剂预防和治疗试验中的生物标志物的潜在用途。对于老年人,UPSIT的长期重测可靠性很强,并且在很长一段时间内没有实践影响。这些结果间接地支持了先前关于气味识别障碍的发现,预测认知能力下降和痴呆,并暗示嗅觉测试作为认知增强剂预防和治疗试验中的生物标志物的潜在用途。对于老年人,UPSIT的长期重测可靠性很强,并且在很长一段时间内没有实践影响。这些结果间接地支持了先前关于气味识别障碍的发现,预测认知能力下降和痴呆,并暗示嗅觉测试作为认知增强剂预防和治疗试验中的生物标志物的潜在用途。
更新日期:2019-11-01
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