This paper focuses on the demand side factors that determine access to health care and analyses the issues of unmet needs for health care and the reasons thereof in western EU countries. A probit model is estimated from a sample of the whole population, accounting for the possibility of individual selection in unmet needs for health care (UN) (selection equation). Expanded probit models (including the inverse Mills ratio) are then used on the reasons for unmet needs (RUN) with social capital and social support as determinants and using the European Union Statistics on Income and Living Conditions dataset from 2006. In the RUN equations, the findings show that females, large households, people with low income and financial constraints, the unemployed and those in poor health have a higher probability of declaring unmet needs due to economic costs. Additionally, people in tertiary education, those with high income and the employed have a higher probability of not visiting a doctor when needed due to time constraints. Furthermore, the frequency of contact with friends and the ability to ask for help are correlated with a lower probability of unmet needs due to economic costs, while the frequency of contact with relatives is correlated with a lower probability of unmet needs due to time constraints and distance. However, the ability to ask for help is also correlated with a higher probability of not having medical care due to time constraints and the wait-and-see approach.

中文翻译：

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卫生保健需求未得到满足的原因：欧盟西部一些国家中社会资本和社会支持的作用。

本文着眼于决定获得医疗保健服务的需求方面因素，并分析了西欧国家对医疗保健服务需求未得到满足的问题及其原因。从整个人群的样本中估计出概率模型，这说明了在未满足的医疗保健需求中可能进行个人选择的可能性（选择方程）。然后，以社会资本和社会支持为决定因素的未满足需求（RUN）的原因使用扩展的概率模型（包括逆Mills比率），并使用2006年以来的欧盟收入和生活条件统计数据集。在RUN方程中，调查结果表明，由于经济成本，女性，大家庭，低收入和经济拮据的人，失业者和健康状况差的人更有可能宣布未满足的需求。另外，由于时间限制，受高等教育的人，高收入者和从业人员更有可能在需要时不去看医生。此外，由于经济成本，与朋友接触的频率和寻求帮助的能力与较低的未满足需求概率相关，而由于时间限制和亲戚的接触频率与较低的未满足需求概率相关。距离。但是，由于时间限制和观望方式，寻求帮助的能力也与没有医疗的可能性更高。由于经济成本，与朋友接触的频率和寻求帮助的能力与未满足需求的可能性较低相关，而由于时间限制和距离，与亲戚的接触频率与未满足需求的可能性较低相关。但是，由于时间限制和观望方式，寻求帮助的能力也与没有医疗的可能性更高。由于经济成本，与朋友接触的频率和寻求帮助的能力与未满足需求的可能性较低相关，而由于时间限制和距离，与亲戚的接触频率与未满足需求的可能性较低相关。但是，由于时间限制和观望方式，寻求帮助的能力也与没有医疗的可能性更高。