Challenging behavior problems are common in early childhood and, if left untreated, may escalate into more severe and intractable problems in adolescence and early adulthood. This trajectory is of particular importance in rural schools, where disruptive behaviors are more prominent than in urban and suburban schools. Conjoint behavioral consultation (CBC) is a family-school partnership intervention with documented efficacy in producing immediate decreases in child problem behaviors and increases in child adaptive behaviors and social skills. The purpose of the present study was to determine whether the immediate effects of CBC maintain over a 1-year follow-up period. Participants at study enrollment were students (N = 267) and their parents, as well as both the students' original (N = 152) and subsequent (N = 135) teachers in 45 Midwest rural schools. At the time of initial study enrollment, students were assigned randomly to an active CBC intervention or "business as usual" control condition. Results demonstrated that immediate effects of parent-rated adaptive and social skills and teacher-rated school problems were maintained at the 1-year follow-up. Additionally, for parent-rated adaptive skills and teacher-rated school problems, improvements during the maintenance phase were statistically equivalent to gains in the control group. However, increases in parent-rated social skills for the control group during the follow-up phase significantly outpaced increases among the CBC group. Implications for use of CBC in rural communities, as well as future research directions, are discussed. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2019 APA, all rights reserved).

中文翻译：

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农村学校的联合行为咨询：一年后学生效果是否保持？

具有挑战性的行为问题在幼儿期很常见，如果不加以治疗，则可能会升级为青春期和成年期更为严重和棘手的问题。这种轨迹在农村学校中尤为重要，在农村学校中，破坏性行为比城市和郊区学校更为突出。联合行为咨询（CBC）是一项家庭与学校之间的合作干预措施，具有记录的功效，可立即导致儿童问题行为的减少以及儿童适应行为和社交技能的增加。本研究的目的是确定CBC的即时效果是否在1年的随访期内保持不变。参加研究的参与者是学生（N = 267）和他们的父母，以及学生的 中西部45所乡村学校的原始（N = 152）和后续（N = 135）教师。在初始研究入学时，将学生随机分配到积极的CBC干预或“照常营业”控制条件。结果表明，在一年的随访中，父母评估的适应和社交技能以及教师评估的学校问题的即时效果得以保持。此外，对于父母评价的适应技能和教师评价的学校问题，维持阶段的改善在统计学上与对照组的收益相当。但是，在随访阶段，对照组父母对社交技能的提高明显超过了CBC组。讨论了在农村社区使用CBC的含义以及未来的研究方向。