Abstract A novel approach to prepare homogeneous PbS nanoparticles by phase-transfer method was developed. The preparatory conditions were studied in detail, and the nanoparticles were characterized by transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and UV-vis spectroscopy. Then a novel lead ion-selective electrode of polyvinyl chloride (PVC) membrane based on these lead sulfide nanoparticles was prepared, and the optimum ratio of components in the membrane was determined. The results indicated that the sensor exhibited a wide concentration range of 1.0 × 10−5 to 1.0 × 10−2 mol·L−1. The response time of the electrode was about 10 s, and the optimal pH in which the electrode could be used was from 3.0 to 7.0. Selectivity coefficients indicated that the electrode was selective to the primary ion over the interfering ion. The electrode can be used for at least 3 months without any divergence in potential. It was successfully applied to directly determine lead ions in solution and used as an indicator electrode in potentiometric titration of lead ions with EDTA.

中文翻译：

---

相转移法制备 PbS 纳米粒子及其在 PVC 膜基 Pb2+ 选择性电极中的应用

摘要 开发了一种通过相转移法制备均质 PbS 纳米颗粒的新方法。详细研究了制备条件，并通过透射电子显微镜（TEM）和紫外可见光谱对纳米颗粒进行了表征。然后基于这些硫化铅纳米粒子制备了新型聚氯乙烯（PVC）膜的铅离子选择性电极，并确定了膜中的最佳组分配比。结果表明，该传感器表现出1.0 × 10-5 至1.0 × 10-2 mol·L-1 的宽浓度范围。电极的响应时间约为 10 s，电极可使用的最佳 pH 值为 3.0 至 7.0。选择性系数表明，相对于干扰离子，电极对初级离子具有选择性。电极可以使用至少 3 个月而不会出现任何电位差异。它已成功应用于直接测定溶液中的铅离子，并用作 EDTA 电位滴定铅离子的指示电极。