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Assessment of Body Composition in Health and Disease Using Bioelectrical Impedance Analysis (BIA) and Dual Energy X-Ray Absorptiometry (DXA): A Critical Overview.
Contrast Media & Molecular Imaging ( IF 3.009 ) Pub Date : 2019-05-29 , DOI: 10.1155/2019/3548284
Maurizio Marra 1 , Rosa Sammarco 1 , Antonino De Lorenzo 2 , Ferdinando Iellamo 3, 4 , Mario Siervo 5 , Angelo Pietrobelli 6 , Lorenzo Maria Donini 7 , Lidia Santarpia 1 , Mauro Cataldi 8 , Fabrizio Pasanisi 1, 7 , Franco Contaldo 1, 9
Affiliation  

The measurement of body composition (BC) represents a valuable tool to assess nutritional status in health and disease. The most used methods to evaluate BC in the clinical practice are based on bicompartment models and measure, directly or indirectly, fat mass (FM) and fat-free mass (FFM). Bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA) and dual energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) (nowadays considered as the reference technique in clinical practice) are extensively used in epidemiological (mainly BIA) and clinical (mainly DXA) settings to evaluate BC. DXA is primarily used for the measurements of bone mineral content (BMC) and density to assess bone health and diagnose osteoporosis in defined anatomical regions (femur and spine). However, total body DXA scans are used to derive a three-compartment BC model, including BMC, FM, and FFM. Both these methods feature some limitations: the accuracy of BIA measurements is reduced when specific predictive equations and standardized measurement protocols are not utilized whereas the limitations of DXA are the safety of repeated measurements (no more than two body scans per year are currently advised), cost, and technical expertise. This review aims to provide useful insights mostly into the use of BC methods in prevention and clinical practice (ambulatory or bedridden patients). We believe that it will stimulate a discussion on the topic and reinvigorate the crucial role of BC evaluation in diagnostic and clinical investigation protocols.

中文翻译:

使用生物电阻抗分析(BIA)和双能X射线吸收仪(DXA)评估健康和疾病中的身体成分:关键概述。

身体成分(BC)的测量是评估健康和疾病中营养状况的宝贵工具。在临床实践中,最常用的评估BC的方法是基于双室模型并直接或间接测量脂肪量(FM)和无脂肪量(FFM)。生物电阻抗分析(BIA)和双能X线吸收法(DXA)(如今已被视为临床实践中的参考技术)已广泛用于流行病学(主要是BIA)和临床(主要是DXA)设置中以评估BC。DXA主要用于测量骨矿物质含量(BMC)和密度,以评估骨骼健康并诊断特定解剖区域(股骨和脊柱)的骨质疏松症。但是,全身DXA扫描用于导出三室BC模型,包括BMC,FM和FFM。这两种方法都有一些局限性:如果不使用特定的预测方程式和标准化的测量协议,则BIA测量的准确性会降低;而DXA的局限性是重复测量的安全性(目前建议每年不超过两次身体扫描),成本和技术专长。这篇综述的目的是提供有用的见解,主要是在预防和临床实践中(非卧床或卧床不起的患者)使用BC方法。我们相信,它将激发有关该主题的讨论,并重新激发BC评估在诊断和临床研究方案中的关键作用。当不使用特定的预测方程式和标准化的测量协议时,BIA测量的准确性会降低,而DXA的局限性是重复测量的安全性(目前建议每年不超过两次身体扫描),成本和技术专长。这篇综述的目的是提供有用的见解,主要是在预防和临床实践中(非卧床或卧床不起的患者)使用BC方法。我们相信,它将激发有关该主题的讨论,并重新激发BC评估在诊断和临床研究方案中的关键作用。当不使用特定的预测方程式和标准化的测量协议时,BIA测量的准确性会降低,而DXA的局限性是重复测量的安全性(目前建议每年不超过两次身体扫描),成本和技术专长。这篇综述的目的是提供有用的见解,主要是在预防和临床实践中(非卧床或卧床不起的患者)使用BC方法。我们相信,它将激发有关该主题的讨论,并重新激发BC评估在诊断和临床研究方案中的关键作用。这篇综述的目的是提供有用的见解,主要是在预防和临床实践中(非卧床或卧床不起的患者)使用BC方法。我们相信,它将激发有关该主题的讨论,并重新激发BC评估在诊断和临床研究方案中的关键作用。这篇综述的目的是提供有用的见解,主要是在预防和临床实践中(非卧床或卧床不起的患者)使用BC方法。我们相信,它将激发有关该主题的讨论,并重新激发BC评估在诊断和临床研究方案中的关键作用。
更新日期:2019-11-01
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