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Multisensory, Multi-Tasking Performance of Older Adults With and Without Subjective Cognitive Decline.
Multisensory Research ( IF 1.6 ) Pub Date : 2019-12-11 , DOI: 10.1163/22134808-20191426
Sophie Carr 1, 2 , M Kathleen Pichora-Fuller 2, 3 , Karen Z H Li 3, 4 , Natalie Phillips 3, 4 , Jennifer L Campos 1, 2, 3
Affiliation  

As the population ages, it is increasingly important to detect non-normative cognitive declines as early as possible. Measures of combined sensory-motor-cognitive functioning may be early markers for identifying individuals who are at increased risk of developing dementia. Further, older adults experiencing subjective cognitive decline (SCD) may have elevated risk of dementia compared to those without SCD. Tasks involving complex, multisensory interactions reflective of everyday challenges may be particularly sensitive to subjectively perceived, pre-clinical declines. In the current study, older adults with and without SCD were asked to simultaneously perform a standing balance task and a listening task under increasingly challenging sensory/cognitive/motor conditions using a dual-task paradigm in a realistic, immersive virtual environment. It was hypothesized that, compared to older adults without SCD, those with SCD would exhibit greater decrements in postural control and listening response accuracy as sensory/motor/cognitive loads increased. However, counter to predictions, older adults with SCD demonstrated greater reductions in postural sway under more challenging dual-task conditions than those without SCD. Across both groups, poorer postural task performance was associated with poorer cognitive function and speech-in-noise thresholds measured with standard baseline tests. Poorer listening task performance was associated with poorer global cognitive function, poorer mobility, and poorer speech-in-noise detection. Overall, the results provide additional support for the growing evidence demonstrating associations between sensory, motor, and cognitive functioning and contribute to an evolving consideration of how best to categorize and characterize SCD in a way that guides strategies for screening, assessment, and intervention.

中文翻译:

有和没有主观认知衰退的老年人的多感官、多任务表现。

随着人口老龄化,尽早发现非规范性认知衰退变得越来越重要。综合感觉-运动-认知功能的测量可能是识别患痴呆症风险增加的个体的早期标志物。此外,与没有 SCD 的老年人相比,经历主观认知能力下降 (SCD) 的老年人患痴呆症的风险可能更高。涉及反映日常挑战的复杂、多感官交互的任务可能对主观感知的临床前衰退特别敏感。在当前的研究中,患有和不患有 SCD 的老年人被要求在现实的、身临其境的虚拟环境中使用双任务范式,在越来越具有挑战性的感官/认知/运动条件下同时执行站立平衡任务和听力任务。据推测,与没有 SCD 的老年人相比,患有 SCD 的人随着感觉/运动/认知负荷的增加,在姿势控制和听力反应准确性方面会表现出更大的下降。然而,与预测相反,与没有 SCD 的老年人相比,在更具挑战性的双任务条件下,患有 SCD 的老年人在姿势摇摆方面表现出更大的减少。在两组中,较差的姿势任务表现与较差的认知功能和使用标准基线测试测量的语音噪声阈值相关。较差的听力任务表现与较差的整体认知功能、较差的移动性和较差的语音噪声检测相关。总体而言,结果为越来越多的证据提供了额外的支持,这些证据表明感觉、运动、
更新日期:2019-12-11
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