Population genetic studies in nonmodel organisms are often hampered by a lack of reference genomes that are essential for whole-genome resequencing. In the light of this, genotyping methods have been developed to effectively eliminate the need for a reference genome, such as genotyping by sequencing or restriction site-associated DNA sequencing (RAD-seq). However, what remains relatively poorly studied is how accurately these methods capture both average and variation in genetic diversity across an organism's genome. In this issue of Molecular Ecology Resources, Dutoit et al. (2016) use whole-genome resequencing data from the collard flycatcher to assess what factors drive heterogeneity in nucleotide diversity across the genome. Using these data, they then simulate how well different sequencing designs, including RAD sequencing, could capture most of the variation in genetic diversity. They conclude that for evolutionary and conservation-related studies focused on the estimating genomic diversity, researchers should emphasize the number of loci analysed over the number of individuals sequenced.

中文翻译：

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整个collar捕蝇器基因组中遗传变异的小规模和大规模异质性：估计非模式生物遗传多样性的意义。

非模型生物中的种群遗传学研究通常因缺乏对全基因组重测序必不可少的参考基因组而受阻。有鉴于此，已经开发出基因分型方法以有效消除对参考基因组的需要，例如通过测序或与限制性位点相关的DNA测序（RAD-seq）进行基因分型。然而，仍然相对缺乏研究的是这些方法如何准确地捕获生物体基因组中遗传多样性的平均值和变异值。在本期《分子生态资源》中，Dutoit等人。（2016）使用领捕蝇fly的全基因组重测序数据来评估哪些因素驱动了整个基因组核苷酸多样性的异质性。然后，他们利用这些数据模拟不同的测序设计（包括RAD测序，可以捕获大多数遗传多样性的变异。他们得出结论，对于专注于估计基因组多样性的与进化和保护相关的研究，研究人员应强调分析的基因座数量超过已测序个体的数量。