Anaerobic ammonium-oxidizing (anammox) bacteria play an essential part in nitrogen removal in constructed wetlands. The objective of the present study was to explore the spatiotemporal dynamics of anammox bacterial communities and the associated factors in a full-scale constructed wetland for the treatment of polluted surface water. The abundance and diversity of anammox bacterial communities were characterized using quantitative polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and clone library analysis, respectively. Anammox bacterial diversity, richness, and abundance in the treatment wetland differed considerably among sampling sites and seasons, whereas anammox bacterial community structure tended to change slightly with site and time. Anammox abundance was likely influenced by temperature and the contents of nitrate and nitrite nitrogen. The increase of carbon and nitrogen contents could lower wetland anammox bacterial diversity and richness. Moreover, anammox bacterial diversity, richness, and abundance were also affected by wetland vegetation type. Candidatus Brocadia dominated in the treatment wetland, whereas Candidatus Kuenenia and a novel anammox phylotype were also detected. This work could provide some new insights towards anaerobic ammonium oxidization in surface water treatment wetland.

中文翻译：

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河流水处理湿地中的厌氧铵氧化细菌。

厌氧铵氧化细菌在人工湿地的脱氮中起着至关重要的作用。本研究的目的是探讨厌氧氨氧化细菌群落的时空动态及其相关因素在一个完整的人工湿地中，用于处理受污染的地表水。分别使用定量聚合酶链反应（PCR）和克隆文库分析来表征厌氧氨氧化细菌群落的丰度和多样性。处理湿地中的厌氧细菌多样性，丰富度和丰度在采样地点和季节之间有很大差异，而厌氧细菌群落结构倾向于随地点和时间而略有变化。厌氧氨氮的丰度可能受温度以及硝酸盐和亚硝酸盐氮含量的影响。碳和氮含量的增加会降低湿地厌氧菌的细菌多样性和丰富度。此外，厌氧细菌的多样性，丰富性和丰度也受到湿地植被类型的影响。在治疗湿地中，Bracadia念珠菌占主导地位，同时还检测到Kuennia念珠菌和新型厌氧氨苄菌型。这项工作可以为地表水处理湿地中厌氧铵氧化提供一些新的见解。