We examined the role of the most important metabolic enzyme families in the detoxification of neurotoxic insecticides on adult males and females from susceptible populations of Cydia pomonella (L.), Grapholita molesta (Busck), and Lobesia botrana (Denis & Schiffermüller). The interaction between the enzyme families – carboxylesterases (EST), glutathione-S-transferases (GST), and polysubstrate monooxygenases (PSMO) – with the insecticides – chlorpyrifos, λ-cyhalothrin, and thiacloprid – was studied. Insect mortality arising from the insecticides, with the application of enzyme inhibitors – S,S,S-tributyl phosphorotrithioate (DEF), diethyl maleate (DEM), and piperonyl butoxide (PBO) – was first determined. The inhibitors' influence on EST, GST, and PSMO activity was quantified. EST and PSMO (the phase-I enzymatic activities) were involved in the insecticide detoxification in the three species for both sexes, highlighting the role of EST, whereas GST (phase-II enzymes) was involved only in G. molesta insecticide detoxification. L. botrana exhibited, in general, the highest level of enzymatic activity, with a significantly higher EST activity compared with the other species. It was the only species with differences in the response between sexes, with higher GST and PSMO activity in females than in males, which can be explained as the lower susceptibility of the females to the tested insecticides. A positive correlation between PSMO activity and the thiacloprid LD50s in the different species-sex groups was observed explaining the species-specific differences in susceptibility to the product reported in a previous study.

中文翻译：

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三种害虫成虫神经毒杀虫剂的酶解毒策略

我们研究了最重要的代谢酶家族在对来自易感人群的成年男性和女性的神经毒性杀虫剂的解毒中的作用。葡萄球菌(L.),石墨烯（布斯克），和半夏（丹尼斯和希弗米勒）。研究了酶家族 - 羧酸酯酶 (EST)、谷胱甘肽-S-转移酶 (GST) 和多底物单加氧酶 (PSMO) - 与杀虫剂 - 毒死蜱、λ-三氯氟氰菊酯和噻虫啉之间的相互作用。首次确定了使用酶抑制剂 S,S,S-三硫代磷酸三丁酯 (DEF)、马来酸二乙酯 (DEM) 和胡椒基丁醇 (PBO) 导致的昆虫死亡率。量化了抑制剂对 EST、GST 和 PSMO 活性的影响。EST 和 PSMO（第一阶段酶活性）参与了这三个物种的杀虫剂解毒，突出了 EST 的作用，而 GST（第二阶段酶）仅参与了杀虫剂的解毒。G.molesta杀虫解毒。L. botrana通常，与其他物种相比，表现出最高水平的酶活性，具有显着更高的 EST 活性。它是唯一在性别之间反应存在差异的物种，雌性的 GST 和 PSMO 活性高于雄性，这可以解释为雌性对所测试杀虫剂的敏感性较低。PSMO 活性与噻虫啉 LD 呈正相关50观察到不同物种-性别组中的 s，这解释了先前研究中报告的对产品敏感性的物种特异性差异。