This paper deals with the development of a multidisciplinary study on the current state of conservation of the facade of the Arciprestal Church of Santa María de Morella (Castellón, Spain), a work of the Gothic period of great historical and artistic value. The aim of this diagnosis was to undertake the preventive conservation actions required and increase the knowledge about the conservation of paintings on stones. During the diagnosis scanning, electron microscopy was demonstrated to be a valuable analytical method for wall paintings on stone. The facade, which since its construction has not undergone major architectural changes, has reached our days as it was configured in its creation, adding the traces of the passage of time and interventions that have suffered polychromies. Because of the conservation situation, it was decided to have an interdisciplinary project for the structural study of the work, an exhaustive study of the materials and their state of conservation. The study of the materials includes the identification of stone supports, mortars, the pictorial technique of the original and added polychromies, and the superficial patinas. On-site studies were carried out by ground penetration radar (GPR) and X-ray fluorescence (XRF). Among the techniques used in laboratory were optical polarized light microscopy (MO-LP), X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy with microanalysis (SEM-EDX) and Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). The study allowed to determine the different pathologies of alteration and degradation of stone substrate and polychromies, chromatic alterations, biological patinas, etc. During this study, it was demonstrated that the diagnosis of wall paintings is a complex issue that needs to be addressed in a multidisciplinary approach, where scanning electron microscopy with microanalysis is the key methodology to get a deeper understanding of subsurface characterization of wall paintings and highlight the weathering processes. In a second phase of previous studies, this technique (SEM) has been used in assessing the viability of consolidation systems and cleaning both the stone and the polychrome.

中文翻译：

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多学科方法应用于圣玛丽亚德莫雷利亚 Arciprestal 教堂外墙的诊断（西班牙卡斯特利翁）

本文涉及对圣玛丽亚德莫雷利亚弧形教堂（西班牙卡斯特利翁）立面保护现状的多学科研究的发展，这是哥特时期具有重要历史和艺术价值的作品。该诊断的目的是采取必要的预防性保护措施，并增加有关石头画保护的知识。在诊断扫描过程中，电子显微镜被证明是一种有价值的石材壁画分析方法。立面，因为它的建造没有经历重大的建筑变化，已经达到了我们的时代，因为它在创建时被配置，添加了时间流逝的痕迹和遭受多色影响的干预。由于保护情况，决定开展一个跨学科项目，对作品的结构进行研究，对材料及其保护状态进行详尽的研究。对材料的研究包括石材支撑、砂浆的识别、原始和添加的多色的绘画技术以及表面的古色。通过地面穿透雷达（GPR）和X射线荧光（XRF）进行了现场研究。实验室使用的技术包括偏振光显微镜 (MO-LP)、X 射线衍射 (XRD)、带微量分析的扫描电子显微镜 (SEM-EDX) 和傅里叶变换红外光谱 (FTIR)。该研究允许确定石材基材和多色、色变、生物铜绿等的改变和降解的不同病理。在这项研究中，结果表明，壁画的诊断是一个复杂的问题，需要通过多学科方法来解决，其中扫描电子显微镜和微量分析是深入了解壁画的地下特征并突出风化过程的关键方法。在先前研究的第二阶段，该技术 (SEM) 已用于评估固结系统的可行性以及清洁石材和彩绘。