Abstract Questions How do plant communities on zonal loamy vs. sandy soils vary across the full maritime Arctic bioclimate gradient? How are plant communities of these areas related to existing vegetation units of the European Vegetation Classification? What are the main environmental factors controlling transitions of vegetation along the bioclimate gradient? Location 1700‐km Eurasia Arctic Transect (EAT), Yamal Peninsula and Franz Josef Land (FJL), Russia. Methods The Braun‐Blanquet approach was used to sample mesic loamy and sandy plots on 14 total study sites at six locations, one in each of the five Arctic bioclimate subzones and the forest–tundra transition. Trends in soil factors, cover of plant growth forms (PGFs) and species diversity were examined along the summer warmth index (SWI) gradient and on loamy and sandy soils. Classification and ordination were used to group the plots and to test relationships between vegetation and environmental factors. Results Clear, mostly non‐linear, trends occurred for soil factors, vegetation structure and species diversity along the climate gradient. Cluster analysis revealed seven groups with clear relationships to subzone and soil texture. Clusters at the ends of the bioclimate gradient (forest–tundra and polar desert) had many highly diagnostic taxa, whereas clusters from the Yamal Peninsula had only a few. Axis 1 of a DCA was strongly correlated with latitude and summer warmth; Axis 2 was strongly correlated with soil moisture, percentage sand and landscape age. Conclusions Summer temperature and soil texture have clear effects on tundra canopy structure and species composition, with consequences for ecosystem properties. Each layer of the plant canopy has a distinct region of peak abundance along the bioclimate gradient. The major vegetation types are weakly aligned with described classes of the European Vegetation Checklist, indicating a continuous floristic gradient rather than distinct subzone regions. The study provides ground‐based vegetation data for satellite‐based interpretations of the western maritime Eurasian Arctic, and the first vegetation data from Hayes Island, Franz Josef Land, which is strongly separated geographically and floristically from the rest of the gradient and most susceptible to on‐going climate change.

中文翻译：

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1700公里欧亚大陆北极横断面沿线的中温壤土和沙质土壤的植被

摘要问题 在整个北极海洋生物气候梯度中，带状壤土和沙质土壤上的植物群落如何变化？这些地区的植物群落与欧洲植被分类的现有植被单位有何关系？控制植被沿生物气候梯度转变的主要环境因素有哪些？位置 1700 公里欧亚北极横断面 (EAT)、亚马尔半岛和俄罗斯法兰士约瑟夫地群岛 (FJL)。方法 使用 Braun-Blanquet 方法对 6 个地点的 14 个研究地点的中质壤土和沙地进行了采样，其中五个北极生物气候分区和森林-苔原过渡区各一个。沿着夏季温暖指数（SWI）梯度以及壤质和沙质土壤检查了土壤因素、植物生长形式（PGF）覆盖和物种多样性的趋势。分类和排序用于对样地进行分组并测试植被与环境因素之间的关系。结果 土壤因素、植被结构和物种多样性沿着气候梯度出现了明显的、大多是非线性的趋势。聚类分析揭示了与分区和土壤质地有明确关系的七个组。生物气候梯度两端的集群（森林-苔原和极地沙漠）有许多高度诊断性的类群，而来自亚马尔半岛的集群只有少数。DCA 的轴 1 与纬度和夏季温暖度密切相关；第 2 轴与土壤湿度、沙子百分比和景观年龄密切相关。结论 夏季温度和土壤质地对苔原冠层结构和物种组成有明显影响，并对生态系统特性产生影响。植物冠层的每一层沿着生物气候梯度都有一个独特的峰值丰度区域。主要植被类型与欧洲植被清单中描述的类别的一致性较弱，表明连续的植物区系梯度而不是不同的分区区域。该研究为基于卫星的欧亚北极西部海洋解释提供了地面植被数据，以及来自弗朗兹约瑟夫地海耶斯岛的第一个植被数据，该岛在地理和植物区系上与梯度的其余部分强烈分离，最容易受到影响持续的气候变化。