Anabolic-androgenic steroid (AAS) abuse is implicated in maladaptive decision making such as increased risk taking and problem gambling. Endogenous testosterone correlates with economic risk taking in both the stock market (Coates & Herbert, 2008) and in the laboratory, as measured by the Iowa Gambling Task (Stanton, Liening, & Schultheiss, 2011). Additionally, AAS use has been associated with problem gambling behavior in adolescents (Proimos, DuRant, Pierce, & Goodman, 1998). Thus, AAS may impair economic decision making. However, studies of human AAS users cannot control for preexisting risky behavior or normalize androgen levels. Accordingly, the present study investigated AAS effects on decision making in rats using a novel, balanced rodent model of the IGT. Adolescent male Long-Evans rats were treated chronically with high-dose testosterone (7.5 mg/kg) or vehicle (13% cyclodextrin in water) sc, and trained to work for sugar pellets in an operant chamber equipped with 4 levers, each associated with a different schedule of reward magnitude (number of pellets), probability, and punishment (time-out) duration. By RM-ANOVA, there was a main effect of lever (F3,78 = 25.33, p < .05), such that all rats preferred lever L4 offering a large reward (4 pellets), but with low probability (45%) and a long (35 sec) time-out. There was also a significant interaction of testosterone × lever (F3,78 = 2.78, p < .05), with testosterone increasing preference for L4 and decreasing preference for the other levers, relative to vehicle-treated controls. These data extend our previous findings of altered decision making in AAS-treated rats, and suggest that AAS may alter economic decision making in human users. (PsycINFO Database Record

中文翻译：

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合成代谢-雄激素类固醇改变爱荷华州赌博任务的平衡啮齿动物模型中的决策。

合成代谢雄激素类固醇（AAS）的滥用与适应不良的决策有关，例如增加冒险和赌博问题。内源性睾丸激素与股票市场（Coates＆Herbert，2008）和实验室的经济风险相关联，这是由爱荷华州赌博任务（Stanton，Liening，＆Schultheiss，2011）衡量的。另外，AAS的使用与青少年的赌博问题有关（Proimos，DuRant，Pierce和Goodman，1998）。因此，AAS可能会损害经济决策。然而，对人类AAS使用者的研究无法控制先前存在的危险行为或使雄激素水平正常化。因此，本研究使用新型，平衡的IGT啮齿动物模型研究了AAS对大鼠决策的影响。用高剂量睾丸激素（7.5 mg / kg）或赋形剂（水中13％环糊精）皮下注射对青春期雄性Long-Evans大鼠进行长期治疗，并接受训练以在配备4个杠杆的操作室中处理糖粒，每个杠杆均与奖励幅度（弹丸数量），概率和惩罚（超时）持续时间的时间表不同。通过RM-ANOVA，存在杠杆的主要作用（F3,78 = 25.33，p <.05），因此所有大鼠都喜欢杠杆L4提供较大的奖励（4个颗粒），但可能性低（45％），并且长时间（35秒）超时。相对于媒介物对照，睾丸激素×杠杆之间存在显着的相互作用（F3,78 = 2.78，p <.05），其中睾丸激素对L4的偏好增加，对其他杠杆的偏好降低。这些数据扩展了我们先前对AAS治疗大鼠的决策改变的发现，并暗示AAS可能会改变人类使用者的经济决策。（PsycINFO数据库记录