A case of pneumonia with associated empyema caused by Clostridium bifermentans is described. C bifermentans is an anaerobic, spore-forming, Gram-positive bacillus. This organism is infrequently reported as a cause of infection in humans, and older publications tended to regard it as nonpathogenic. However, in more recent reports, C bifermentans has been documented as a cause of septic arthritis, osteomyelitis, soft tissue infection, abdominal infections, brain abscess, bacteremia and endocarditis. The present case is the third reported case of empyema caused by C bifermentans, and it serves to further define the spectrum of illness due to this uncommon organism.

中文翻译：

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双歧杆菌梭菌引起的脓胸：一例报告。

描述了由双发酵梭菌引起的伴有脓胸的肺炎病例。C双fermentans是厌氧的，形成孢子的革兰氏阳性杆菌。这种生物很少被报道为人类感染的原因，并且较早的出版物倾向于将其视为非致病性的。然而，在最近的报道中，双歧杆菌C已被证明是败血性关节炎，骨髓炎，软组织感染，腹部感染，脑脓肿，菌血症和心内膜炎的病因。本病例是第三例双歧杆菌引起的脓胸，它有助于进一步确定这种罕见生物引起的疾病。