Bone is a randomized, complex porous network which researchers have tried to mimic within bone tissue engineering scaffolds. The objective of this study was to understand the effects of random and controlled scaffold porosity on the release kinetics of vitamin D3 to determine if a designed porous structure was comparable in effectiveness on osteoblast proliferation to the randomized essence of natural bone. In this study, porous tricalcium phosphate (TCP) scaffolds were prepared by fugitive material removal method using naphthalene and 3D printing to model random and controlled porosity, respectively. Scaffold comparison was made based on open pore volume percentage of which naphthalene scaffolds had 45.8 ± 1.5% and 3D printed scaffolds had 48.9 ± 2.5%, Comparative analysis of traditional bioceramic processing to additive manufacturing is limited especially regarding drug release kinetics. Results showed the naphthalene scaffold surface area was only 0.3% that of 3D printed scaffolds due to the lower open pore interconnectivity. This increase in surface area produced higher release of drug and osteoblast proliferation in 3D printed scaffolds comparatively. By 11 days, osteoblast proliferation was enhanced by 64% from scaffolds manufactured using 3D printing compared to traditional processing. Understanding the effects of processing methods of TCP scaffolds on the release kinetics of vitamin D3 and the system effects on cells can aid in low load bearing applications for bone tissue engineering.

中文翻译：

---

从传统和添加制造的磷酸三钙磷酸钙骨组织工程支架中释放维生素D3。

骨骼是随机的，复杂的多孔网络，研究人员已尝试模仿骨骼组织工程支架中的骨骼。这项研究的目的是了解随机和受控的支架孔隙率对维生素D3释放动力学的影响，以确定设计的多孔结构在成骨细胞增殖方面的有效性是否与天然骨的随机本质相当。在这项研究中，通过使用萘和3D打印分别模拟随机孔隙度和受控孔隙度的逃逸性材料去除方法，制备了多孔磷酸三钙（TCP）支架。基于开放孔体积百分比进行支架比较，其中萘支架为45.8±1.5％，3D打印支架为48.9±2.5％，传统生物陶瓷加工与增材制造的比较分析受到局限，特别是在药物释放动力学方面。结果表明，由于较低的开孔互连性，萘支架的表面积仅为3D打印支架的0.3％。相对而言，表面积的增加在3D打印的支架中产生了更高的药物释放和成骨细胞增殖。到11天时，与传统工艺相比，使用3D打印制造的支架的成骨细胞增殖增强了64％。了解TCP支架的加工方法对维生素D3释放动力学的影响以及系统对细胞的影响可有助于骨骼组织工程的低负荷应用。结果表明，由于较低的开孔互连性，萘支架的表面积仅为3D打印支架的0.3％。相比之下，表面积的增加在3D打印的支架中产生了更高的药物释放和成骨细胞增殖。到11天时，与传统工艺相比，使用3D打印制造的支架的成骨细胞增殖增强了64％。了解TCP支架的加工方法对维生素D3释放动力学的影响以及系统对细胞的影响可有助于骨骼组织工程的低负荷应用。结果表明，由于较低的开孔互连性，萘支架的表面积仅为3D打印支架的0.3％。相对而言，表面积的增加在3D打印的支架中产生了更高的药物释放和成骨细胞增殖。到11天时，与传统工艺相比，使用3D打印制造的支架的成骨细胞增殖增强了64％。了解TCP支架的加工方法对维生素D3释放动力学的影响以及系统对细胞的影响可有助于骨骼组织工程的低负荷应用。与传统工艺相比，使用3D打印制造的支架可将成骨细胞增殖提高64％。了解TCP支架的加工方法对维生素D3释放动力学的影响以及系统对细胞的影响可有助于骨骼组织工程的低负荷应用。与传统工艺相比，使用3D打印制造的支架可将成骨细胞增殖提高64％。了解TCP支架的加工方法对维生素D3释放动力学的影响以及系统对细胞的影响可有助于骨骼组织工程的低负荷应用。