Cognitive health is a key resource for individuals to nurture their employability. We studied the longitudinal association of cognitive function with changes in stressful working conditions, testing a possible reversed causation. We used a sample of employees (N=1,355) participating in two surveys (2006 and 2011) within a German national representative study (GSOEP). Cognitive function was captured by perceptual speed (Symbol Digit Test) and word fluency (Animal Naming Test). Stressful working conditions were measured by the validated short version of the effort-reward imbalance questionnaire. Multivariate linear regression models assessed the impact of perceptual speed and verbal fluency in 2006 on changes in participants' perceptions of effort, reward, effort-reward ratio, and over-commitment between 2006 and 2011, adjusting for socio-demography, behaviours, physical and mental health at baseline. Neither perceptual speed nor verbal fluency was significantly related to changes in perceived working conditions. Our findings did not support the notion of reversed causation.

中文翻译：

---

认知功能是否可以预测压力性工作条件的感知变化？

认知健康是个人培养就业能力的重要资源。我们研究了认知功能与压力工作条件的变化之间的纵向联系，测试了可能的因果关系。我们在德国国家代表性研究（GSOEP）中使用了参与两次调查（2006年和2011年）的员工样本（N = 1,355）。认知功能通过知觉速度（符号数字测试）和单词流利度（动物命名测试）来捕获。压力劳动条件通过努力回报不平衡问卷的经验证的简短版本进行衡量。多元线性回归模型评估了2006年至2011年间感知速度和言语流畅性对参与者对工作量，奖励，工作量回报率和超额投入的看法变化的影响，调整基线时的社会人口统计学，行为，身心健康。感知速度和口语流利度均与感知的工作条件的变化无关。我们的发现不支持反向因果关系的概念。