Abstract Tissue engineering holds immense potential for treatment of cardiovascular diseases by creating living structures to replace diseased blood vessels, heart valves, and cardiac muscle. In a traditional approach, scaffolds are seeded with stem cells and subjected to stimuli in bioreactors that mimic physiologic conditions or are directly implanted into target sites in animal models. The expected results are significant cell changes, extensive remodeling of the scaffolds and creation of surrogate structures that would be deemed acceptable for tissue regeneration. Histochemical techniques are increasingly becoming essential tools in tissue engineering research. In our studies, we used lectin and antibody-based techniques to characterize novel collagen and elastin scaffolds and to ensure efficient removal of xenoantigens. Scaffolds were implanted in animals and infiltrated host cells were identified using antibodies to activated fibroblasts, macrophages, and lymphocytes. Stem cell-seeded scaffolds were subjected to mechanical strains and tested for differentiation into cardiovascular cells using antibody-based double immunofluorescence methods. Finally, living heart valves were constructed from scaffolds and stem cells, subjected to conditioning in a bioreactor and stem cell differentiation evaluated by immunofluorescence. Overall, these techniques have proven to be outstanding companions to biochemical, molecular biology and cell analysis methods used in tissue engineering research and development.

中文翻译：

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用于心血管组织工程的凝集素和基于抗体的组织化学技术

摘要 组织工程通过创造生命结构来替代患病的血管、心脏瓣膜和心肌，在治疗心血管疾病方面具有巨大的潜力。在传统方法中，支架接种干细胞并在模拟生理条件的生物反应器中受到刺激，或直接植入动物模型的目标部位。预期的结果是显着的细胞变化、支架的广泛重塑以及组织再生可接受的替代结构的产生。组织化学技术正日益成为组织工程研究中必不可少的工具。在我们的研究中，我们使用凝集素和基于抗体的技术来表征新型胶原蛋白和弹性蛋白支架，并确保有效去除异种抗原。将支架植入动物体内，并使用针对活化的成纤维细胞、巨噬细胞和淋巴细胞的抗体鉴定浸润的宿主细胞。用基于抗体的双免疫荧光方法对植入干细胞的支架进行机械应变并测试其是否分化为心血管细胞。最后，活心脏瓣膜由支架和干细胞构建，在生物反应器中进行调节，并通过免疫荧光评估干细胞分化。总的来说，这些技术已被证明是组织工程研究和开发中使用的生化、分子生物学和细胞分析方法的杰出伴侣。用基于抗体的双免疫荧光方法对植入干细胞的支架进行机械应变并测试其是否分化为心血管细胞。最后，活心脏瓣膜由支架和干细胞构建，在生物反应器中进行调节，并通过免疫荧光评估干细胞分化。总的来说，这些技术已被证明是组织工程研究和开发中使用的生化、分子生物学和细胞分析方法的杰出伴侣。用基于抗体的双免疫荧光方法对植入干细胞的支架进行机械应变并测试其是否分化为心血管细胞。最后，活心脏瓣膜由支架和干细胞构建，在生物反应器中进行调节，并通过免疫荧光评估干细胞分化。总的来说，这些技术已被证明是组织工程研究和开发中使用的生化、分子生物学和细胞分析方法的杰出伴侣。