Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by inattention, hyperactivity, and/or impulsivity with associations to short- and long-term aversive life events. The exact etiology of the disorder is still unknown. ADHD is heterogeneous in symptomology and a single consistent, reliable biomarker has not been found. Quantitative electroencephalography (EEG) has been proposed as a potential way to differentiate those with ADHD from typically developing controls; however, the data on the diagnostic utility of this approach have been variable. Quantitative EEG has been employed in prognostic ways to assess differences in baseline spectral power profiles and pharmacological and nonpharmacological treatment effects on electrocortical activity within the ADHD population. The aim of this review is to summarize the literature investigating the degree of normalization of resting-state EEG profiles in individuals with ADHD through various interventions, including stimulant and nonstimulant medication, exercise, and diet.

中文翻译：

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在 ADHD 中使用脑电图测量药物和生活方式干预中的治疗反应：综述

注意缺陷/多动障碍 (ADHD) 是一种神经发育障碍，其特征是注意力不集中、多动和/或冲动，与短期和长期的厌恶生活事件有关。该疾病的确切病因尚不清楚。ADHD 的症状具有异质性，尚未发现单一一致、可靠的生物标志物。定量脑电图 (EEG) 已被提议作为区分 ADHD 患者与典型发育对照组的潜在方法。然而，关于这种方法的诊断效用的数据是可变的。定量脑电图已被用于预后评估基线光谱功率分布的差异以及药物和非药物治疗对 ADHD 人群皮层电活动的影响。