PURPOSE People affected by cancer who live in rural Australia experience inferior survival compared to their urban counterparts. This study determines whether self-reported physical and mental health, as well as health-promoting behaviours, also differ between rural and urban Australian adults with a history of cancer. METHODS Weighted, representative population data were collected via the South Australian Monitoring and Surveillance System between 1 January 2010 and 1 June 2015. Data for participants with a history of cancer (n = 4295) were analysed with adjustment for survey year, gender, age group, education, income, family structure, work status, country of birth and area-level relative socioeconomic disadvantage (SEIFA). RESULTS Cancer risk factors and co-morbid physical and mental health issues were prevalent among cancer survivors regardless of residential location. In unadjusted analyses, rural survivors were more likely than urban survivors to be obese and be physically inactive. They were equally likely to experience other co-morbidities (diabetes, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, cardiovascular disease, arthritis or osteoporosis). With adjustment for SEIFA, rural/urban differences in obesity and physical activity disappeared. Rural survivors were more likely to have trust in their communities, less likely to report high/very high distress, but equally likely to report a mental health condition, both with and without adjustment for SEIFA. CONCLUSIONS There is a need for deeper understanding of the impact of relative socioeconomic disadvantage on health (particularly physical activity and obesity) in rural settings and the development of accessible and culturally appropriate interventions to address rural cancer survivors' specific needs and risk factors.

中文翻译：

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澳大利亚农村和城市癌症幸存者在健康，心理健康和促进健康方面的差异。

目的与澳大利亚城市居民相比，生活在澳大利亚农村地区的癌症患者生存率较低。这项研究确定自我报告的身心健康以及促进健康的行为在有癌症病史的澳大利亚农村和城市成年人之间是否也有所不同。方法在2010年1月1日至2015年6月1日期间，通过南澳大利亚监测和监视系统收集了具有代表性的加权人口数据。对有癌症病史（n = 4295）的参与者的数据进行了分析，并根据调查年份，性别，年龄组进行了调整，教育，收入，家庭结构，工作状况，出生国家和地区一级相对社会经济劣势（SEIFA）。结果无论居住地点如何，癌症幸存者中普遍存在癌症危险因素和并存的身心健康问题。在未经调整的分析中，农村幸存者比城市幸存者更容易肥胖并且身体不活跃。他们同样有可能罹患其他合并症（糖尿病，慢性阻塞性肺疾病，心血管疾病，关节炎或骨质疏松症）。随着SEIFA的调整，肥胖和体力活动的农村/城市差异消失了。农村幸存者更可能对自己的社区充满信任，不太可能报告高/非常高的苦难，但无论是否调整SEIFA，都可能报告精神健康状况。