Gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC/MS), after appropriate wet chemical sample pre-treatments or pyrolysis, is one of the most commonly adopted analytical techniques in the study of organic materials from cultural heritage objects. Organic materials in archaeological contexts, in classical art objects, or in modern and contemporary works of art may be the same or belong to the same classes, but can also vary considerably, often presenting different ageing pathways and chemical environments. This paper provides an overview of the literature published in the last 10 years on the research based on the use of GC/MS for the analysis of organic materials in artworks and archaeological objects. The latest progresses in advancing analytical approaches, characterising materials and understanding their degradation, and developing methods for monitoring their stability are discussed. Case studies from the literature are presented to examine how the choice of the working conditions and the analytical approaches is driven by the analytical and technical question to be answered, as well as the nature of the object from which the samples are collected.

中文翻译：

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基于气相色谱质谱法（GC / MS）的分析方法，用于研究艺术品和考古物体中的有机材料。

经过适当的湿化学样品预处理或热解后，气相色谱/质谱（GC / MS）是研究文化遗产物体中的有机材料时最常用的分析技术之一。考古背景下，古典艺术品中或现代和当代艺术品中的有机材料可能相同或属于同一类别，但也可能相差很大，通常表现出不同的老化途径和化学环境。本文概述了近十年来发表的有关使用GC / MS分析艺术品和考古物体中有机物质的研究的文献。推进分析方法，表征材料并了解其降解的最新进展，讨论了监视其稳定性的开发方法。提出了来自文献的案例研究，以检验要回答的分析和技术问题如何驱动工作条件和分析方法的选择，以及从中收集样品的对象的性质。