IN 1946 Fisher showed that three pairs of closely linked genes, C and c, D and d, E and e, were responsible for the Rh blood groups in man, each gene giving rise to a corresponding antigen on the red cell. Although the linkage is undoubtedly very close there is some indirect evidence that the genes are separable by crossing-over (Fisher and Race, 1946). The genes are not sex-linked, nor partially sex-linked, nor has linkage with any other recognisable gene yet been detected. In this paper evidence is presented for the existence of two further Rh genes allelomorphic to C. The third allelomorph at the C-c locus, called C", was recognised when an anti-Rh serum was found which agglutinated 25 per cent. of English blood samples. The samples which were agglutinated were shown to be of the genotypes C"c, CWC and C'C". The remaining 975 per cent. were of the genotypes CC, Cc and cc (Callender and Race, 1946).* The existence of C" could have been recognised if a few hundred samples of blood had been tested for agglutination with a range of anti-C sera, for the agglutinin in some anti-C sera is in the form of pure anti-C, but in the majority it is in the form anti-C +anti-C". Blood of the genotype CC or CWC would have been agglutinated by the latter type of antibody but not by the former. Blood of the genotype CC, Cc and C"C would have been agglutinated by both types, and blood of the genotype cc by neither. In all, about i per cent, of specimens of blood would have given discrepant results. In the absence of other irregular anti-Rh agglutinins of the anti-C" type, which might disclose further allelomorphs at this locus, in a positive way, it seemed worth while to use the second method in an attempt to demonstrate the existence of such allelomorphs. Samples of blood from 284 transfusion donors from the National Blood Transfusion Service, Sutton, Surrey, were tested for agglutination with the following antisera : anti-D, anti-E, anti-e, anti-c, anti-C" and three anti-C sera. Two samples of blood gave irregular reactions

中文翻译：

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Rh基因C的等位基因

1946 年，Fisher 表明三对紧密相连的基因，C 和 c、D 和 d、E 和 e，负责人类的 Rh 血型，每个基因都会在红细胞上产生相应的抗原。尽管这种联系无疑非常接近，但有一些间接证据表明基因可以通过交叉分离（Fisher 和 Race，1946）。这些基因没有性别连锁，也没有部分性连锁，也没有与任何其他可识别基因的连锁。在这篇论文中，证据表明存在另外两个与 C 等位基因的 Rh 基因。在 Cc 基因座的第三个等位基因，称为 C"，当发现一种抗 Rh 血清时，该血清凝集了 25% 的英国血样。 . 凝集的样品显示为基因型 C"c、CWC 和 C'C"。剩下的975%。基因型为 CC、Cc 和 cc（Callender 和 Race，1946 年）。* 如果几百份血液样本与一系列抗 C 血清进行凝集测试，就可以识别 C”的存在，因为一些抗C血清中的凝集素是纯抗C的形式，但大多数是抗C+抗C的形式。基因型 CC 或 CWC 的血液会被后一种类型的抗体凝集，但不会被前者凝集。基因型 CC、Cc 和 C"C 的血液会被两种类型凝集，而基因型 cc 的血液两者都不会凝集。总的来说，大约 1% 的血液样本会给出不一致的结果。如果没有其他不规则的抗 C" 类型的抗 Rh 凝集素，它们可能会以积极的方式揭示该基因座的更多等位基因，似乎值得使用第二种方法来证明这种等位基因的存在。来自萨里郡萨顿的国家输血服务中心的 284 名输血捐献者的血液样本用以下抗血清进行了凝集测试：抗 D、抗 E、抗 E、抗 C、抗 C”和三抗-C 血清. 两份血样出现不规则反应