PURPOSE To investigate the outcomes of comparative studies on photoselective vaporization of the prostate (PVP) as a function of risk of bias (RoB), conflicts of interest (COI), and industrial sponsorship (IS). METHODS We performed a systematic literature search for comparative studies on PVP [randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and non-randomized comparative studies (NRCSs)]. Study selection as well as comprehensive assessment of RoB, COIs, and IS were performed in duplicate. The identified studies were further rated by two independent board-certified urologists as either PVP-favourable or PVP-unfavourable. Descriptive statistics were performed among all identified studies and among the subgroups of studies rated as favourable and unfavourable, respectively. RESULTS Sixty-five studies qualified for inclusion (25 RTCs and 40 NRCSs) of which 56 (86%) were rated favourable and 9 (14%) unfavourable. A majority of all studies mentioned the absence/presence of potential COIs (78%). In contrast, a sponsorship statement was only found in 29% of the investigations. Studies rated favourable demonstrated a higher percentage of COIs (39% versus 22%). IS was exclusively found among favourable studies. Furthermore, a serious or critical RoB was more often found in favourably rated NRCSs. CONCLUSIONS COIs and IS seem to be associated with favourable study outcomes in comparative studies on PVP. The transparency of the whole research process from study conception to the dissemination of the results has to be further improved to prevent a harmful effect of COIs and IS on the internal validity of studies.

中文翻译：

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前列腺的光选择性汽化：研究结果与偏倚风险，利益冲突和工业赞助的关系。

目的研究前列腺光选择性汽化（PVP）作为偏倚风险（RoB），利益冲突（COI）和工业赞助（IS）的函数的比较研究的结果。方法我们对PVP的比较研究进行了系统的文献检索[随机对照试验（RCT）和非随机比较研究（NRCS）]。一式两份进行研究选择以及RoB，COI和IS的综合评估。两名独立的董事会认证泌尿科医师进一步将鉴定出的研究评为PVP有利或PVP不利。描述性统计分别在所有已确定的研究中以及在被评定为有利和不利的研究子组中进行。结果有65项符合纳入条件的研究（25篇RTC和40篇NRCS），其中56篇（86％）被评为有利，9篇（14％）为不利。所有研究中的大多数都提到了是否存在潜在COI（78％）。相反，只有29％的调查发现有赞助声明。评级为“良好”的研究表明，COI的百分比更高（分别为39％和22％）。IS是在有利的研究中发现的。此外，在评级良好的NRCS中更经常发现严重或严重的RoB。结论在PVP的比较研究中，COI和IS似乎与良好的研究结果相关。从研究构想到结果传播的整个研究过程的透明度必须进一步提高，以防止COI和IS对研究内部有效性的有害影响。