Pneumoviruses are single-stranded, negative-sense, nonsegmented RNA viruses of the family Paramyxoviridae, subfamily Pneumovirinae, and include pathogens that infect humans (respiratory syncytial virus and human metapneumovirus), domestic mammals (bovine, ovine, and caprine respiratory syncytial viruses), rodents (pneumonia virus of mice), and birds (avian metapneumovirus). Among the topics considered in this review are recent studies focused on the roles of the individual virus-encoded components in promoting virus replication as well as in altering and evading innate antiviral host defenses. Advances in the molecular technology of pneumoviruses and the emergence of recombinant pneumoviruses that are leading to improved virus-based vaccine formulations are also discussed. Since pneumovirus infection in natural hosts is associated with a profound inflammatory response that persists despite adequate antiviral therapy, we also review the recent experimental treatment strategies that have focused on combined antiviral, anti-inflammatory, and immunomodulatory approaches.

中文翻译：

---

动物肺病毒：分子遗传学和发病机理。

肺炎病毒是副粘病毒科肺炎链球菌亚家族的单链，负义，无节段的RNA病毒，包括感染人类的​​病原体（呼吸道合胞病毒和人间质肺炎病毒），家庭哺乳动物（牛，绵羊和山羊呼吸道合胞病毒），啮齿动物（小鼠肺炎病毒）和鸟类（禽偏肺病毒）。在这篇综述中考虑的主题包括最近的研究，这些研究集中在单个病毒编码的成分在促进病毒复制以及改变和逃避先天抗病毒宿主防御中的作用。还讨论了肺炎病毒分子技术的进步和重组肺炎病毒的出现，这些重组肺炎病毒可改善基于病毒的疫苗制剂。