Nontyphoid Salmonella strains are important causes of reportable food-borne infection. Among more than 2,000 serotypes, Salmonella enterica serotype Choleraesuis shows the highest predilection to cause systemic infections in humans. The most feared complication of serotype Cholearesuis bacteremia in adults is the development of mycotic aneurysm, which previously was almost uniformally fatal. The advances in diagnostic techniques, surgical care, and antimicrobial therapy have greatly improved the survival of these patients. However, the recent emergence of serotype Choleraesuis that is resistant to ampicillin, chloramphenicol, trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole, and, notably, fluoroquinolone antibiotics has aroused concern about the use of these agents for the empirical treatment of systemic infection caused by this organism. In view of the serious implications of the situation, the chain of transmission and mechanism of resistance should be carefully studied to reduce the spread of infection and threat to human health. To date, there are no vaccines available to prevent serotype Choleraesuis infections in humans. The availability, in the near future, of the genome sequence of serotype Cholearesuis will facilitate the development of effective vaccines as well as the discovery of new targets for novel antimicrobial agents.

中文翻译：

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肠炎沙门氏菌血清型霍乱：流行病学，发病机制，临床疾病和治疗。

非伤寒沙门氏菌菌株是可报告的食源性感染的重要原因。在2,000多种血清型中，肠炎沙门氏菌血清型霍乱沙门氏菌显示出引起人类系统性感染的最高倾向。成人血清型霍乱克雷伯菌血症最令人担心的并发症是霉菌性动脉瘤的发展，这种病以前几乎都是致命的。诊断技术，手术治疗和抗菌疗法的进步极大地提高了这些患者的生存率。但是，最近出现了一种对氨苄西林，氯霉素，甲氧苄啶-磺胺甲恶唑有抗药性的霍乱血清型，尤其是氟喹诺酮类抗生素引起了人们对使用这些药物进行由该生物体引起的全身感染的经验治疗的担忧。鉴于这种情况的严重影响，应认真研究传播途径和耐药机制，以减少感染的传播和对人类健康的威胁。迄今为止，尚无疫苗可预防人类血清型霍乱弧菌感染。在不久的将来，血清霍乱杆菌血清型的基因组序列的可获得性将促进有效疫苗的开发以及新型抗菌剂新靶标的发现。