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Deep undepleted human serum proteome profiling toward biomarker discovery for Alzheimer's disease.
Clinical Proteomics ( IF 3.8 ) Pub Date : 2019-04-17 , DOI: 10.1186/s12014-019-9237-1
Kaushik Kumar Dey 1 , Hong Wang 2 , Mingming Niu 1 , Bing Bai 1, 3 , Xusheng Wang 2 , Yuxin Li 2 , Ji-Hoon Cho 2 , Haiyan Tan 2 , Ashutosh Mishra 2 , Anthony A High 2 , Ping-Chung Chen 1 , Zhiping Wu 1 , Thomas G Beach 4 , Junmin Peng 1, 2
Affiliation  

Background Blood-based protein measurement is a routine practice for detecting biomarkers in human disease. Comprehensive profiling of blood/plasma/serum proteome is a challenge due to an extremely large dynamic range, as exemplified by a small subset of highly abundant proteins. Antibody-based depletion of these abundant proteins alleviates the problem but introduces experimental variations. We aimed to establish a method for direct profiling of undepleted human serum and apply the method toward biomarker discovery for Alzheimer's disease (AD), as AD is the most common form of dementia without available blood-based biomarkers in clinic. Methods We present an ultra-deep analysis of undepleted human serum proteome by combining the latest 11-plex tandem-mass-tag (TMT) labeling, exhaustive two-dimensional liquid chromatography (LC/LC) fractionation (the 1st LC: 3 h for 180 fractions, and the 2nd LC: 3 h gradient per fraction), coupled with high resolution tandem mass spectrometry (MS/MS). AD (n = 6) and control (n = 5) sera were analyzed in this pilot study. In addition, we implemented a multiplexed targeted LC-MS3 method (TOMAHAQ) for the validation of selected target proteins. Results The TMT-LC/LC-MS/MS platform is capable of analyzing 4826 protein components (4368 genes), covering at least 6 orders of magnitude in dynamic range, representing one of the deepest serum proteome analysis. We defined intra- and inter- group variability in the AD and control groups. Statistical analysis revealed differentially expressed proteins in AD (26 decreased and 4 increased). Notably, these altered proteins are enriched in the known pathways of mitochondria, fatty acid beta oxidation, and AGE/RAGE. Finally, we set up a TOMAHAQ method to confirm the decrease of PCK2 and AK2 in our AD samples. Conclusions Our results show an ultra-deep serum discovery study by TMT-LC/LC-MS/MS, and a validation experiment by TOMAHAQ targeted LC-MS3. The MS-based discovery and validation methods are of general use for biomarker discovery from complex biofluids (e.g. serum proteome). This pilot study also identified deregulated proteins, in particular proteins associated with mitochondrial function in the AD serum samples. These proteins may serve as novel AD candidate biomarkers.

中文翻译:

对阿尔茨海默病的生物标志物发现进行深度未耗尽的人血清蛋白质组分析。

背景 基于血液的蛋白质测量是检测人类疾病生物标志物的常规做法。由于极大的动态范围,血液/血浆/血清蛋白质组的综合分析是一项挑战,例如一小部分高丰度蛋白质。基于抗体的这些丰富蛋白质的消耗缓解了这个问题,但引入了实验变化。我们的目标是建立一种直接分析未耗尽人血清的方法,并将该方法应用于阿尔茨海默病 (AD) 的生物标志物发现,因为 AD 是临床上没有可用的基于血液的生物标志物的最常见的痴呆形式。方法 我们通过结合最新的 11-plex 串联质量标签 (TMT) 标记,对未耗尽的人血清蛋白质组进行超深度分析,详尽的二维液相色谱 (LC/LC) 分级分离(第 1 次 LC:180 个馏分 3 小时,第 2 次 LC:每个馏分 3 小时梯度),再加上高分辨率串联质谱 (MS/MS)。在这项初步研究中分析了 AD (n = 6) 和对照 (n = 5) 血清。此外,我们实施了一种多路复用靶向 LC-MS3 方法 (TOMAHAQ) 来验证选定的目标蛋白。结果 TMT-LC/LC-MS/MS平台能够分析4826种蛋白质成分(4368个基因),动态范围至少覆盖6个数量级,代表了最深入的血清蛋白质组分析之一。我们定义了 AD 和对照组的组内和组间变异性。统计分析揭示了 AD 中差异表达的蛋白质(26 减少和 4 增加)。尤其,这些改变的蛋白质富含线粒体、脂肪酸β氧化和AGE/RAGE的已知途径。最后,我们建立了一个 TOMAHAQ 方法来确认我们的 AD 样本中 PCK2 和 AK2 的减少。结论 我们的结果显示了通过 TMT-LC/LC-MS/MS 进行的超深度血清发现研究,以及通过 TOMAHAQ 靶向 LC-MS3 进行的验证实验。基于 MS 的发现和验证方法通常用于从复杂的生物流体(例如血清蛋白质组)中发现生物标志物。该初步研究还确定了失调的蛋白质,特别是与 AD 血清样品中的线粒体功能相关的蛋白质。这些蛋白质可以作为新的 AD 候选生物标志物。结论 我们的结果显示了通过 TMT-LC/LC-MS/MS 进行的超深度血清发现研究,以及通过 TOMAHAQ 靶向 LC-MS3 进行的验证实验。基于 MS 的发现和验证方法通常用于从复杂的生物流体(例如血清蛋白质组)中发现生物标志物。该初步研究还确定了失调的蛋白质,特别是与 AD 血清样品中的线粒体功能相关的蛋白质。这些蛋白质可以作为新的 AD 候选生物标志物。结论 我们的结果显示了通过 TMT-LC/LC-MS/MS 进行的超深度血清发现研究,以及通过 TOMAHAQ 靶向 LC-MS3 进行的验证实验。基于 MS 的发现和验证方法通常用于从复杂的生物流体(例如血清蛋白质组)中发现生物标志物。该初步研究还确定了失调的蛋白质,特别是与 AD 血清样品中的线粒体功能相关的蛋白质。这些蛋白质可以作为新的 AD 候选生物标志物。特别是与 AD 血清样品中的线粒体功能相关的蛋白质。这些蛋白质可以作为新的 AD 候选生物标志物。特别是与 AD 血清样品中的线粒体功能相关的蛋白质。这些蛋白质可以作为新的 AD 候选生物标志物。
更新日期:2020-04-22
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