The appearance of highly virulent and more aggressive races of Puccinia striiformis f. sp. tritici (Pst) during the last two decades has led to stripe rust epidemics worldwide and to the rapid erosion of effective resistance genes. In this study, we mapped an adult‐plant resistance locus from the Argentinean wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) cultivar Klein Chajá, which is effective against these new Pst races. By using wheat exome capture data and a large population of 2480 segregating plants (4960 gametes), we mapped QYr.ucw‐1BL within a 0.24‐cM region [332 kb in International Wheat Genome Sequencing Consortium (IWGSC) RefSeq version 1.0] on chromosome arm 1BL. This region overlaps with current maps of the adult‐plant Pst resistance gene Yr29, which has remained effective for more than 60 yr. An allelism test failed to find recombination between QYr.ucw‐1BL and Yr29 and yielded similar resistance phenotypes for the two loci. These results, together with similar haplotypes in the candidate region, suggested that QYr.ucw‐1BL and Yr29 might represent the same gene. However, we cannot rule out the possibility of tightly linked but different genes because most of the 13 genes in the candidate region are annotated with functions associated with disease resistance. To evaluate their potential as QYr.ucw‐1BL/Yr29 candidate genes, we characterized their polymorphisms between resistant and susceptible haplotypes. Finally, we used these polymorphisms to develop high‐throughput markers to accelerate the deployment of these Pst resistance loci in wheat breeding programs.

中文翻译：

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小麦QYr.ucw-1BL的高分辨率图谱，该染色体是与Yr29处于同一染色体区域的成年植物条纹抗锈性基因座。

强烈条锈菌（Puccinia striiformis） f的高毒力和侵略性。sp。在过去的二十年中，小麦（Pst）导致了全世界的条锈病流行和有效抗性基因的快速侵蚀。在这项研究中，我们绘制了来自阿根廷小麦（Triticum aestivum L.）品种KleinChajá的成年植物抗性基因座，它对这些新的Pst种族有效。通过使用小麦外显子组捕获数据和大量2480株分离植物（4960配子），我们绘制了QYr.ucw-1BL位于第1BL号染色体臂上的0.24–cM区域[国际小麦基因组测序联盟（IWGSC）RefSeq版本1.0中为332 kb]。该区域与成年植物Pst抗性基因Yr29的当前图谱重叠，该基因一直有效超过60年。等位基因测试未能找到QYr.ucw-1BL和Yr29之间的重组，并且对两个基因座产生了相似的抗性表型。这些结果以及候选区域中的相似单倍型表明，QYr.ucw-1BL和Yr29可能代表相同的基因。但是，我们不能排除紧密相连但基因不同的可能性，因为候选区域中的13个基因中大多数都带有与抗病性相关的功能。为了评估它们作为QYr.ucw-1BL / Yr29候选基因的潜力，我们表征了它们在抗性和易感单倍型之间的多态性。最后，我们利用这些多态性来开发高通量标记，以加速这些Pst抗性基因座在小麦育种计划中的部署。