Diseases have important but understudied effects on bee foraging ecology. Bees transmit and contract diseases on flowers, but floral traits including plant volatiles and inflorescence architecture may affect transmission. Diseases spill over from managed or invasive pollinators to native wild bee species, and impacts of emerging diseases are of particular concern, threatening pollinator populations and pollination services. Here we review how parasites can alter the foraging behaviour of bees by changing floral preferences and impairing foraging efficiency. We also consider how changes to pollinator behaviours alter or reduce pollination services. The availability of diverse floral resources can, however, ameliorate bee diseases and their impacts through better nutrition and antimicrobial effects of plant compounds in pollen and nectar.

疾病对蜜蜂觅食生态具有重要但未被充分研究的影响。蜜蜂在花朵上传播和感染疾病，但包括植物挥发物和花序结构在内的花卉特征可能会影响传播。疾病从受控制的或侵入性的授粉媒介传播到本地野生蜂种，新兴疾病的影响尤其令人担忧，威胁到授粉媒介种群和授粉服务。在这里，我们回顾了寄生虫如何通过改变花的偏好和损害觅食效率来改变蜜蜂的觅食行为。我们还考虑对传粉媒介行为的更改如何改变或减少授粉服务。但是，通过更好的营养和植物化合物在花粉和花蜜中的抗菌作用，可获得各种花卉资源，从而改善蜜蜂疾病及其影响。