All mammalian uteri contain glands that synthesize or transport and secrete substances into the uterine lumen. Uterine gland development, or adenogenesis, is uniquely a postnatal event in sheep and pigs and involves differentiation of glandular epithelium from luminal epithelium, followed by invagination and coiling morphogenesis throughout the stroma. Intrinsic transcription factors and extrinsic factors from the ovary and pituitary as well as the mammary gland (lactocrine) regulate uterine adenogenesis. Recurrent pregnancy loss is observed in the ovine uterine gland knockout sheep, providing unequivocal evidence that glands and their products are essential for fertility. Uterine gland hyperplasia and hypertrophy during pregnancy are controlled by sequential actions of hormones from the ovary and/or pituitary as well as the placenta. Gland-derived histotroph is transported by placental areolae for fetal growth. Increased knowledge of uterine gland biology is expected to improve pregnancy outcomes, as well as the health and productivity of mothers and their offspring.

中文翻译：

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子宫腺在家畜中的发育和功能。

所有哺乳动物的子宫都含有腺体，这些腺体可以合成或运输并将物质分泌到子宫腔中。子宫腺发育或腺发生在绵羊和猪中是独特的产后事件，涉及腺上皮与管腔上皮的分化，然后遍及整个基质进行内陷和卷曲形态发生。卵巢和垂体的内在转录因子和外在因子以及乳腺（泌乳素）调节子宫的腺发生。在绵羊子宫腺体剔除的绵羊中观察到经常性的妊娠损失，这提供了明确的证据表明腺体及其产物对生育至关重要。怀孕期间子宫腺的增生和肥大是由来自卵巢和/或垂体以及胎盘的激素的顺序作用控制的。胎盘乳晕转运腺源性组织营养素，促进胎儿生长。增强子宫腺生物学知识有望改善妊娠结局，以及母亲及其后代的健康和生产力。