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lnterleukin-1 Receptor Antagonist.
Critical Reviews in Immunology ( IF 1.3 ) Pub Date : 2017-01-01 , DOI: 10.1615/critrevimmunol.v37.i2-6.160
Andrew C. Lennard

The interleukin-1 receptor antagonist (IL-lra) is unusual in that it is the only known naturally occurring, cytokine receptor antagonist with no apparent agonist function. Over the last 5 years, since the cloning of the IL-lra cDNA sequence, there has been intensive research on the genetics, regulation, and potential therapeutic value of this protein. The later discovery of a second form of IL-lra in 1991 has complicated the picture. Whereas the originally described IL-lra is predominantly glycosylated and secreted (sIL-lra), the alternative isoform is unglycosylated and intracellular (icIL-lra). Although the biological roles of the two forms are still open to question, IL-lra is likely to be of great importance in the pathogenesis of both acute and chronic inflammatory diseases. A large body of evidence for this conclusion has come from animal models of inflammatory disease that respond well to administration of exogenous IL-lra. A role for recombinant IL-lra in the management of human disease is still under investigation. The two forms of IL-lra are encoded by a single gene by alternative usage of two first exons. Expression of sIL-lra and icIl-lra is regulated by two promoters. In this review I explore the genetics of the gene encoding IL-lra (IL-1RN) and the mechanisms of IL-lra gene activation to produce sIL-lra and icIL-lra. Also, possible biological roles for these immunomodulators in health and disease are discussed.

中文翻译:

白介素-1受体拮抗剂。

白介素-1受体拮抗剂(IL-1ra)是不寻常的,因为它是唯一已知的天然的,没有明显激动剂功能的细胞因子受体拮抗剂。在过去的5年中,自克隆IL-1ra cDNA序列以来,已经对该蛋白质的遗传学,调控和潜在治疗价值进行了深入研究。1991年第二种形式的IL-1ra的后来发现使情况复杂化。最初描述的IL-1ra主要是糖基化和分泌的(sIL-1ra),替代同种型是未糖基化的和细胞内的(icIL-1ra)。尽管这两种形式的生物学作用仍存在疑问,但是IL-1ra可能在急性和慢性炎性疾病的发病机理中都非常重要。该结论的大量证据来自对外源IL-1ra的给药反应良好的炎性动物模型。重组IL-1ra在人类疾病管理中的作用仍在研究中。IL-1ra的两种形式由一个基因通过交替使用两个第一个外显子来编码。sIL-1ra和icI1-1ra的表达受两个启动子调控。在这篇综述中,我探讨了编码IL-1ra(IL-1RN)的基因的遗传学以及IL-1ra基因激活产生sIL-1ra和icIL-1ra的机制。此外,还讨论了这些免疫调节剂在健康和疾病中可能的生物学作用。IL-1ra的两种形式由一个基因通过交替使用两个第一个外显子来编码。sIL-1ra和icI1-1ra的表达受两个启动子调控。在这篇综述中,我探讨了编码IL-1ra(IL-1RN)的基因的遗传学以及IL-1ra基因激活产生sIL-1ra和icIL-1ra的机制。此外,还讨论了这些免疫调节剂在健康和疾病中可能的生物学作用。IL-1ra的两种形式由一个基因通过交替使用两个第一个外显子来编码。sIL-1ra和icI1-1ra的表达受两个启动子调控。在这篇综述中,我探讨了编码IL-1ra(IL-1RN)的基因的遗传学以及IL-1ra基因激活产生sIL-1ra和icIL-1ra的机制。此外,还讨论了这些免疫调节剂在健康和疾病中可能的生物学作用。
更新日期:2019-11-01
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