Many of the scientists working in the field of 'animal behaviour' and especially of 'animal cognition' consider the most obvious factors for fitness maximization - for instance, nutritional reward maximization - as the sole motivators when a course of action must be chosen. Sweis, Thomas, and Redish (2018, PLOS Biology, 16(6), e2005853) show that even in a food-restricted environment in which it is vital to maximize food gaining, other factors, not obviously linked to fitness, play a role for decision-making - in the present case, avoidance of a negative affect linked to changing one's mind (a factor which does not improve foraging efficiency), and individual flavour preference (a factor which even impairs foraging efficiency).

中文翻译：

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米奇老鼠的负面影响面对错误。

许多从事“动物行为”（尤其是“动物认知”）工作的科学家认为，最适合健身最大化的因素（例如，营养奖励最大化）是必须采取行动的唯一动机。Sweis，Thomas和Redish（2018，PLOS Biology，16（6），e2005853）表明，即使在限制食物的环境中，最大程度地增加食物获取也至关重要，其他与健身显然没有联系的因素也发挥了作用用于决策-在当前情况下，避免与改变主意相关的负面影响（这不会提高觅食效率）和个人口味偏好（甚至会影响觅食效率）。