Representation mediated learning is a behavioral paradigm that could be used to potentially capture psychotic symptoms including hallucinations and delusions in schizophrenia. In studies of mediated learning, representations of prior experience can enter into current associations. Using a ketamine model of schizophrenia, we investigated whether mice exposed to ketamine during late adolescence subsequently showed an increased tendency to use a representation of a prior gustatory experience to form associations in learning. Mice were given prior experience of an odor and a taste presented together. The odor was subsequently presented alone with gastrointestinal illness induced by a lithium chloride injection. A consumption test was then given to assess whether the taste, despite its absence during conditioning, entered into an association with the induced illness. Such learning would be mediated via a representation of the taste activated by the odor. Our results showed that control mice displayed no aversion to the taste following the procedures just described, but mice that had been treated developmentally with ketamine exhibited a significant taste aversion, suggesting a greater propensity for mediated learning. Complementary to that finding, ketamine-exposed mice also showed a greater susceptibility to mediated extinction. Chronic treatment with the antipsychotic drug, risperidone, in ketamine-exposed mice attenuated mediated learning, a finding that may be related to its known efficacy in reducing the positive symptoms of schizophrenia. These data provide a setting with potential relevance to preclinical research on schizophrenia, to study the neural mechanisms underlying a propensity for aberrant associations and assessment of therapeutics. (PsycINFO Database Record

中文翻译：

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在精神分裂症的氯胺酮小鼠模型中，表征介导的学习的趋势更大。

表征介导的学习是一种行为范式，可用于潜在地捕获精神病症状，包括精神分裂症中的幻觉和妄想。在中介学习的研究中，先前经验的代表可以进入当前的联想。使用精神分裂症的氯胺酮模型，我们调查了青春期后期暴露于氯胺酮的小鼠是否随后表现出增加的趋势，该趋势倾向于使用先前味觉经验的代表形式来形成学习关联。预先给小鼠提供气味和味道的经验。气味随后与氯化锂注射液引起的胃肠道疾病一起出现。然后进行消耗测试，以评估尽管在调理过程中没有味道，与诱发疾病有关。这种学习将通过由气味激活的味道的表示来介导。我们的结果表明，对照小鼠按照上述步骤没有表现出对口味的厌恶，但是已经用氯胺酮进行发育处理的小鼠表现出了明显的口味厌恶，这表明介导的学习倾向更大。作为补充，暴露于氯胺酮的小鼠也表现出更大的介导灭绝敏感性。在暴露于氯胺酮的小鼠中使用抗精神病药利培酮进行的慢性治疗减弱了介导的学习，这一发现可能与其降低精神分裂症阳性症状的已知功效有关。这些数据为精神分裂症的临床前研究提供了潜在的相关环境，研究异常关联和治疗评估倾向的神经机制。（PsycINFO数据库记录